SOCIALIZATION AGAINST SMOKING UPTAKE IN PRE ADOLESCENTS

利用纵向设计和正在进行的研究的研究对象，本调查将检查潜在的社会化机制，保护儿童在青春期早期不吸烟，并将评估父母和同伴反吸烟保护影响对青春期前的直接和间接影响的模型。虽然在以前的研究中已经确定了对吸烟开始的重要社会影响，但对来自不同种族背景的儿童的具体保护性社会化机制的充分理解仍然难以捉摸。将招募约291名学龄前儿童（9-13岁），并通过一家城市儿童医院的初级保健诊所进行为期18个月的跟踪调查。作为现有研究方案的一部分，父母和儿童将在三个时间点完成吸烟状况、父母社会化做法、感知同伴使用、父母和朋友接触烟草制品以及一般育儿做法的测量。将对基线数据进行初步横断面分析，以检验吸烟摄取的独立社会化预测因素。此外，将对不同性别和种族群体进行间接和直接社会化对吸烟吸收影响的纵向模型的多组比较。

Utilizing a longitudinal design and drawing subjects from an ongoing study, this investigation will examine the underlying socialization mechanisms that protect children from smoking uptake in early adolescence and will evaluate a model of direct and indirect effects of parental and peer anti-smoking protective influences on pre-adolescents. While important social influences on smoking initiation have been identified in previous research, an adequate understanding of specific protective socialization mechanisms for children from different ethnic backgrounds remains elusive. Approximately 291 pre-adolescents (ages 9-13) will be recruited and followed for 18 months through primary care clinics in an urban children's hospital. As part of an existing research protocol, parents and children will complete measures at three time points of smoking status, parental socialization practices, perceived peer use, exposure to tobacco products from parents and friends, and general parenting practices. Preliminary cross- sectional analysis of baseline data will be conducted to examine independent socialization predictors of smoking uptake. In addition, multiple group comparisons of a longitudinal model of indirect and direct socialization influences on smoking uptake will be conducted for different gender and ethnic groups.