How do neighbourhood deprivation and neighbourhood mixing affect mental wellbeing among older adults? A longitudinal cross-country comparison between

邻里剥夺和邻里混合如何影响老年人的心理健康？爱尔兰和英格兰的纵向跨国比较。生活在贫困地区会导致心理健康状况不佳，并加速老龄化的影响。这可能是由于邻里关系的剥夺，与个人的社会经济地位无关。由于社会凝聚力减弱或相对地位的比较，邻里混合（经济和社会）也可能产生影响，或者由于最弱势群体的机会范围更广，心理健康状况更好。老年人往往在他们的社区中度过更多的时间，并且在同一地区生活的时间更长，因此他们可能更容易受到生活过程中积累的邻里剥夺和邻里混合的影响。这项研究将增加与邻里效应和老年人心理健康有关的研究，特别是邻里剥夺和混合如何影响个人结果的过程。这项研究旨在提高我们对社区剥夺与心理健康和福祉的机制的理解，社区剥夺是通过低教育、失业和犯罪率来衡量的，社区混合是通过财富不平等和种族多样性来衡量的。这项研究将通过在英格兰和爱尔兰的老年人之间进行跨国比较来扩大证据基础，因为在这一领域很少进行跨国比较。来自英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA）和爱尔兰老龄化纵向研究（TILDA）的数据将用于对50岁及以上成年人的社区特征对心理健康的影响进行多层次、纵向、跨国的比较。这将有助于提供学术证据，为有关社区对个人的影响的政策提供信息，特别是在帮助生活贫困的老年人的社会住房和服务方面。考虑到过去30年来英格兰和爱尔兰的收入平等水平和种族多样性水平的提高，这一点至关重要。

How do neighbourhood deprivation and neighbourhood mixing affect mental wellbeing among older adults? A longitudinal cross-country comparison between Ireland and England.Living in a deprived area contributes to poor mental health and accelerates the effects of ageing. This may be due to the deprivation of the neighbourhood, independent of the socioeconomic status of the individual. Neighbourhood mixing (economically and socially) may also have an impact, due to weakened social cohesion or comparisons of relative position, or better mental wellbeing, due to a wider range of opportunities for the most disadvantaged. Older people tend to spend more time in their neighbourhood and to have lived in the same area for longer, so they may be more vulnerable to the effects of neighbourhood deprivation and neighbourhood mixing as accumulated during the life course.This study will add to a growing body of research relating to neighbourhood effects and the mental wellbeing of older adults, and particularly the processes involved in how neighbourhood deprivation and mixing affect individual outcomes. This study seeks to improve our understanding of the mechanisms relating neighbourhood deprivation, measured by rates of low education, unemployment and crime, and neighbourhood mixing, measured by wealth inequality and ethnic diversity, to mental health and wellbeing. This study will extend the evidence base by performing a cross-country comparison between older adults in England and Ireland, as few cross-country comparisons in this area have been conducted. Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) will be used to conduct a multilevel, longitudinal, cross-country comparison of the effects of neighbourhood characteristics on the mental wellbeing of adults aged 50 and older. This will contribute to academic evidence that will inform policy regarding the effect on neighbourhood on individuals, particularly in relation to social housing and services to assist older people living in deprivation. This is key given the increased level of income equality and ethnic diversity in both England and Ireland over the past 30 years.