Nanomanufacturing of surfaces for smart, energy efficient buildings and transport vehicles

我们试图引入一种全新的精确纳米制造表面，用于被动，节能的水冷凝，冷冻和光学特性的操纵。拟议的表面将提高工业流程，运输车辆（如汽车，飞机和船舶）以及建筑环境的能源效率（通过引入智能功能涂层）。具有精确纳米级圆锥特征的表面具有独特的特征，可以针对广泛的智能表面应用进行定制。例如，这样的表面可以实现：（吸收/反射/散射）; ii）对水、油的粘附性极低，并具有优异的耐高速液滴冲击性（例如在雨滴撞击或飞机穿过云层时）; iii）控制水冷凝和冻结的成核;和iv）这些纳米结构的保形智能涂层上通过外部刺激（例如温度或光激活）的表面性质可调谐性。拟议的项目将整合这些概念，以实现智能纳米工程表面的一步变化，这些表面可以抵抗高达50 m/s的冲击速度的水滴刺穿，延迟冻结到-30 ℃，防止窗户上的冷凝物积聚，并在整个可见光谱范围内将反射率抑制在<1%--性能将根据应用进行定制（对于同一涂层，并非所有特性都是必需的）。

We seek to introduce an entirely new class of precise nanomanufactured surfaces for passive, energy efficient manipulation of water condensation, freezing and optical properties. The proposed surfaces will improve the energy efficiency of industrial processes, transport vehicles such as automobiles, planes and ships as well as of the built environment (through introducing smart functional coatings). Surfaces with precise nanoscale, conical features have unique features that can be tailored for a wide ranging smart-surface applications. For example, such surfaces can enable: i) tuneable and controlled manipulation of light (absorbing/reflecting/scattering) required for heat control in smart buildings; ii) ultra-low adhesion to water, oils, and offer excellent resistance to high speed droplet impact (e.g. in rain drop impacts or plane moving through clouds); iii) control of the nucleation of water condensation and freezing; and iv) surface property tunability by external stimuli (e.g. temperature or light activation) upon conformal smart coatings of these nanostructures. The proposed project will integrate these concepts to deliver a step change in smart, nanoengineered surfaces that can resist water drops impalement up to impact speeds of 50 m/s, delay of freezing down to -30C, prevent condensation accumulation on windows and suppressing reflectivity to <1% across the entire visible spectrum - properties will be tailored to the application (not all features are necessary for the same coating).