PREVENTING CHANGE TO REGULAR SMOKING IN COLLEGE STUDENTS

烟草的使用占所有癌症死亡人数的30%。尽管美国成年人吸烟的总体流行率正在下降，但年轻人的吸烟流行率正在上升，特别是在大学生中，估计有28%的人吸烟。职业发展：活动包括癌症预防和控制、高级生物统计学、高级流行病学、尼古丁成瘾和医德方面的培训。研究计划：研究计划的目标是更好地了解大学生的吸烟行为，并确定和测试干预的可行性。该计划涉及三项研究，涉及六个研究问题。研究将与密苏里大学哥伦比亚分校(MU)学生健康中心和健康中心合作进行。研究1详细介绍了大学生吸烟的自然历史。根据现有评估调整的措施将在密歇根大学的入门课程中向3500名学生实施。学生将构建识别符，用于保密，并将学生的回答与第四学年进行的后续调查相匹配，届时队列将进入他们的高年级。研究1将提供有关大学生吸烟的进展及其相关因素的信息，他们中的许多人可能在大学一年级时偶尔吸烟，但在大学期间逐渐成为日常吸烟。研究2包括进行三个单一性别的焦点小组，并对两个不同的群体中的每一个进行后续访谈，这两个不同的群体是偶尔吸烟者(每天少于5支)和经常到重度吸烟者(每天至少10支)。这12个小组的目标是确定：a)戒烟和/或管理吸烟的兴趣，b)行为改变的障碍，c)戒烟和/或管理吸烟的策略，以及d)不同吸烟水平的干预偏好。研究3是一项先导性研究，旨在检验基于激励性访谈和助推器电子邮件的咨询干预的可行性和有效性。学生将被随机分配到定制(n=40)或标准对照(n=40)组。训练有素的辅导员将根据学生减少或戒烟的兴趣，定制两次15分钟的课程和三封电子邮件。主要结果包括两年内进展为规律吸烟、吸烟和戒烟率。该研究计划使用探索性、描述性和干预性研究来解决研究不足的人群--大学生--的烟草使用问题。每项研究都是独立的，但都是以前一项研究的结果为基础的。拟议的经验将为哈里斯博士提供技能，以发展和启动完全独立的癌症预防和控制职业生涯。

Tobacco use is responsible for 30 percent of all cancer deaths. Although the overall prevalence of adult cigarette smoking is declining in the US, the prevalence among young adults is increasing, especially among college students where an estimated 28 percent smoke. Career development: Activities include training in cancer prevention and control, advanced biostatistics, advanced epidemiology, nicotine addiction, and medical ethics. Research Program: The goals of the research program are to better understand the smoking behaviors of college students and to identify and test the feasibility of an intervention. The plan involves three studies that address six research questions. Studies will be conducted in collaboration with the Student Health Center and Wellness Center at University of Missouri- Columbia (MU). Study 1 details the natural history of smoking in college students. Measures adapted from existing assessments will be administered to 3,500 students in introductory classes at MU. Students will construct identifiers, which will be used to maintain confidentiality and to match students' responses to a follow-up survey administered in study year 4, when the cohort will be in their senior year. Study 1 will provide information on the progression and correlates of smoking in college students, many of whom may smoke occasionally as freshman but progress to daily smoking while in college. Study 2 consists of conducting three single-gender focus groups and follow-up interviews among each of two distinct groups, occasional (less than 5 cigarettes per day) and regular to heavy (at least 10 cigarettes per day) smokers. The goals of these twelve groups are to identify: a) interest in quitting and/or managing smoking, b) barriers to behavior change, c) strategies used to quit and/or manage smoking, and, d) intervention preferences across levels of smoking. Study 3 is a pilot study examining the feasibility and efficacy of a counseling intervention based on Motivational Interviewing and booster e-mail messages. Students will be randomized to either a tailored (n=40) or standard control (n=40) arm. Trained counselors will tailor two 15-minute sessions and three electronic mail messages based on students' interest in reducing or quitting. Primary outcomes include progression to regular smoking, cigarette consumption, and quit rates over two years. The research plan uses exploratory, descriptive, and intervention research to address tobacco use an understudied population, college students. Each study stands on its own, but is designed to build on the findings of the prior study. The proposed experiences will provide Dr. Harris with the skills to develop and launch a fully independent career in cancer prevention and control.