Validation of biomarkers of prenatal pesticides exposure

描述(由申请人提供)：目标是验证一组 产前接触有机磷和其他物质的生物标志物 非持久性农药(氨基甲酸酯和拟除虫菊酯)。这项研究是必要的。 促进评估与暴露有关的健康影响 怀孕，鉴于这些杀虫剂在居民中的广泛使用。 实验数据表明，产前接触有机磷与不良反应有关 神经认知发展。在大脑生长的爆发期暴露(这 在人类妊娠晚期开始)似乎特别有害。 产前接触拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯也可能有神经毒性 效果。然而，对这些关系的流行病学研究一直是 由于缺乏可靠的剂量计而受阻。此前没有任何研究证实 胎儿期暴露的生物标志物。这项拟议的研究建立在 美国环保局最近授予的STAR赠款，以验证对 产后胎粪中的非持久性农药。申请者正在提议 在同一项研究中验证大量额外的生物标志物 以相对较少的额外成本进行设计。需要验证的生物标志物有 期间每两周采集一次母亲尿液样本中的农药水平 分娩时采集的生物样本中的晚期妊娠和农药水平 (母亲和新生儿的尿液和血液样本)。该队列将包括 来自曼哈顿北部和多米尼加的100名怀孕的非洲裔美国人和多米尼加妇女 南布朗克斯。在这一少数群体中，居民使用杀虫剂的情况很普遍 人口。持续监测室内空气中的杀虫剂水平 妇女在怀孕后期的住所(根据时间调整 女性在家中度过，并控制非住宅接触) 将提供用于验证目的的“黄金标准”。调查问卷数据 将包括在每三个月期间使用杀虫剂的详细信息 怀孕，以及妇女在家中度过的时间和 监测期间非住宅接触史。这项研究将 比较生物样本中杀虫剂水平的程度 与住宅暴露有关，并将确定敏感性和 这些生物标志物的特异性，单独和组合，以便选择 具有最高预测能力的生物标记电池 产前暴露。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal is to validate a battery of biologic markers of prenatal exposure to organophosphates and other non-persistent pesticides (carbamates and pyrethroids). The research is needed to facilitate evaluation of health impacts associated with exposures during pregnancy, given the widespread residential use of these pesticides. Experimental data have linked prenatal organophosphate exposure to adverse neurocognitive development. Exposures during the spurt in brain growth (which begins in humans during the 3rd trimester) appear particularly deleterious. Prenatal exposures to pyrethroids and carbamates may also have neurotoxic effects. However, epidemiologic research on these relationships have been hampered by the lack of reliable dosimeters. No prior studies have validated biomarkers specific to prenatal exposures. The proposed research builds on a STAR grant recently awarded by the U.S. EPA to validate the measurement of non-persistent pesticides in postpartum meconium. The applicants are proposing to validate a large battery of additional biomarkers within the same study design at relatively little additional cost. Biomarkers to be validated are pesticide levels in maternal urine samples collected every 2 weeks during the 3rd trimester and pesticide levels in biologic samples collected at delivery (urine and blood samples from mothers and newborns). The cohort will consist of 100 pregnant African American and Dominican women from Northern Manhattan and South Bronx. Residential pesticide use is widespread among this minority population. Pesticide levels in indoor air monitored continuously at the woman's residence during the 3rd trimester (adjusting for the amount of time the women has spent in the home and controlled for non-residential exposures) will provide the "gold standard" for validation purposes. Questionnaire data will include detailed information on pesticide use during each trimester of pregnancy, as well as the amount of time the woman has spent in the home and history of non-residential exposures during the monitoring. The study will compare the degree to which pesticide levels in the biologic samples are associated with residential exposures and will determine the sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers, singly and in combination, in order to select the battery of biologic markers that has the highest predictive power of prenatal exposure.