MECHANISMS OF COLOR DETECTION, INDUCTION AND ADAPTATION

描述：本提案旨在阐明神经的功能。 复杂颜色和亮度知觉的四个领域的机制。 视网膜和早期皮质神经元作为有效的编码者和 刺激信息的传播者。这个项目将在以后研究神经 转换这些信息的机制，以便它可以被用来 确定颜色外观、场景分离和三维形状。 (1)当场景上的灯光发生变化时，对象似乎具有系统性 不同的颜色，因此可能会提供有关 物体和光源。观察者的身份识别能力 这些颜色将被测量并与基于启发式的计算机相关 算法。 (2)复杂显示器的空间配置决定了颜色如何 一个区域的大小受到周围区域的影响。时间调制 实验将分离求和过程中的构型效应 从侧向神经连接的增益变化。 (3)视觉适应有助于提高对预期变化的敏感度。 对于五颜六色的场景，最有效的方法是调整 对刺激范围的敏感性。实验将检验 调节这种敏感度的因素和眼球运动在 进程。 (4)相对速度有助于分离场景中的对象和观察者 可以从速度的空间变化中感知三维形状 独自一人。一组速度波将被用来研究 颜色和亮度来检测速度变化 特征跟踪和运动能量机制。这些实验将会有所帮助 为场景分割计算模型识别神经底物 和形状推断。 本课题的实验和理论研究结果将为本课题的研究提供指导 用于皮质颜色和亮度机制的生理学研究，以及 帮助理解获得性视觉功能问题是如何引起的 和先天性脑部疾病。

DESCRIPTION: This proposal aims to elucidate the functioning of neural mechanisms in four domains of complex color and brightness perception. Retinal and early cortical neurons function as efficient encoders and transmitters of stimulus information. This project will study later neural mechanisms that transform this information so that it can be used to determine color appearance, scene segregation, and three-dimensional shape. (1) When a light on a scene changes, objects appear to have systematically different colors, thus potentially providing information about the colors of the objects and the illuminants. The abilities of observers to identity these colors will be measured and related to heuristic based computer algorithms. (2) The spatial configuration of a complex display determines how the color of a region is affected by surrounding regions. Temporal modulation experiments will separate configurational effects on the summation process from gain changes in lateral neural connections. (3) Visual adaptation serves to increase sensitivity to expected changes. For variegated scenes, it is most efficient to adapt the range of sensitivity to the range of stimulation. Experiments will examine the factors that tune this sensitivity and the role of eye movements in the process. (4) Relative velocities help to segregate objects in a scene, and observers can perceive three-dimensional shapes form spatial variations in velocity alone. A set of velocity waves will be used to study the contribution of color and luminance to detecting velocity variations through feature-tracking and motion-energy mechanisms. These experiments will help to identify neural substrates for computational models of scene segmentation and shape inference. The experimental and theoretical results of this project will provide guides for physiological studies of cortical color and luminance mechanisms, and help to understand how problems of visual function are caused by acquired and congenital brain disorders.