When the 'will of the people' conflicts with the 'good of the people': a problem in Political Philosophy

该博士项目将为民主政治理论做出贡献。它的目的是双重的：首先，以英国退欧案为起点，重新审视民主的价值及其与其他相关价值观--尤其是经济福祉和自由--的关系。在这一分析的基础上，第二，制定一份规范性理论报告，说明当民主决定与民主国家内的人的共同利益之间出现冲突时，民主国家应如何处理这些冲突。要考虑的方法从有助于避免纯粹由于错误而导致的决定的预见性措施到误判(例如，通过确保选民受过良好的政治参与教育)，通过使用重复公投来避免“激进民主”理论家所考虑的更激进的可能性，例如暂停民主结果。该项目这一部分的目的是确定民主国家可利用的资源和措施的范围，并确定在哪些情况下可以采取不同的做法。

The doctoral project will make a contribution to democratic political theory. Its aim is twifold: first, to use the Brexit case as a starting point for re-examining the value of democracy and its relationship with other, related values-economic wellbeing and liberties in particular. And on the basis of this analysis, second to develop a normative-theoretical account of the ways and means by which democracies ought to address conflicts when they arise between democratic decisions and the common good of those living within democracies. Methods to be considered will range from anticipatory measures that can help avoid decisions that result simply from error to misjudgement ( for instance, by ensuring that voters are well-educated for the purposes of political participation) through the use of repeat referenda to the more radical possibilities considered by theorists of 'militant democracy', such as the suspension of democratic outcomes. The aim of this part of the project is to identifiy the range of resources and measures available to democracies and to identify the sorts of case in which different approaches might be justified.