Opportunities for change? An exploration of the masculinities and capabilities of men in prison and the effectiveness of educational interventions

许多囚犯通过使用可能与极端或问题男子气概有关的行为(Taylor，das Nair&Braham，2013)来应对“监禁的痛苦”(Skyes，1958)--如情绪动荡、剥夺和孤独--包括暴力、自残和过度吸毒。为了给出支持这一现象的最新统计证据，英国监狱管理局(HMPS)近年来的袭击、死亡和自残达到了创纪录的水平。英格兰和威尔士监狱的死亡人数在2016年最高，总计354人。自残创历史新高；2017年有40414起自残报告，119起自残死亡。袭击事件也继续急剧增加；2017年发生了28,165起袭击事件，是有记录以来的最高数字(MoJ，2018年在押安全统计公告)。该项目有两个关键的研究目标。第一个目标是探索与监狱中男性更极端或更有问题的男子气概有关的身份、做法和信仰体系，以及这如何影响他们的福祉或能力。第二个目标是探索现有的教育规定是否有效地解决了行为问题，以及是否有真正的机会让囚犯发展和前进他们的生活。俘虏社会：对最高安全级别监狱的研究。新泽西州：普林斯顿大学出版社泰勒、达斯海尔和布拉姆。(2013)犯罪人和受害人对犯罪人男子气概的看法，认为其男子气概是侵犯暴力和暴力行为的风险因素(18：6)

Many prisoners deal with the "pains of imprisonment" (Skyes, 1958) - such as emotional turmoil,deprivation and loneliness - by using behaviours which can be associated with extreme or problematicmasculinities (Taylor, das Nair & Braham, 2013) including violence, self-harm and excessive drug use.To give recent statistical evidence to support this phenomenon, Her Majesty's Prison Service (HMPS) hasseen record breaking levels of assault, death and self harm in recent years. The highest number ofdeaths in prisons in England & Wales were recorded in 2016- 354 in total. Self-harm is at an all-timerecord high; there were 40,414 reports of self harm in 2017 and 119 self-inflicted deaths. Assaults havealso continued to increase dramatically; there were 28,165 assault incidents in 2017, the highest numbersince records began (MoJ, Safety in Custody Statistics bulletin, 2018).There are two key research aims of this project. The first aim is to explore the identities, practices andbelief systems relating to the more extreme or problematic masculinities of men in prison and how thiscan affect their well-being or capabilities. The second aim is to explore whether existing educationalprovision addresses behaviours effectively, and whether there are genuine opportunities for prisoners todevelop and move forward with their lives.Sykes, G. (1958). The Society of Captives: A Study of a Maximum Security Prison. New Jersey: PrincetonUniversity PressTaylor, das Hair & Braham. (2013) Perpetrator and Victim Perceptions of Perpetrator's Masculinity as aRisk Factor for Violence In Aggression and Violent Behaviour (18:6)