REDD+ as an area-based policy: evidence from the 2011 Moratorium on oil palm, timber and logging concessions in Indonesia

2011年暂停在原始森林和泥炭地开发新的油棕、木材和伐木特许权是一项基于区域的政策，该政策在印度尼西亚实施，旨在加大力度减少毁林和森林退化造成的排放（REDD+）。使用准实验方法和卫星火灾观测，本文评估了该政策在防止火灾发生方面的有效程度，通常用于清除森林以准备新的特许权。我们发现，当考虑2006-2011年至2011-2016年全球火灾制度的变化时，暂停的影响可以忽略不计。先前的油棕特许权和森林特许权的表现明显不如暂停期所包括的地区。相反，日志记录许可的性能要好得多。虽然将采伐森林和次生林纳入禁伐区的潜在主张是有效的，但我们认为在印度尼西亚设计保护政策时必须考虑政治因素

The 2011 Moratorium on new oil palm, timber and logging concessionsin primary forests and peatlands is an area-based policy, which wasimplemented in Indonesia to scale up efforts to reduce emissions fromdeforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). Using quasiexperimentalmethods and satellite fire observations, this paperevaluates the extent to which the policy was effective in preventing theoccurrence of fire, typically used to clear forests in preparation for newconcessions. We find that the effect of the Moratorium is negligiblewhen considering global changes in fire regimes from 2006-2011 to2011-2016. Pre-existing concessions for oil palm and timberconcessions perform significantly worse than areas included in theMoratorium. Conversely, logging concessions perform significantlybetter. While a potential claim for the inclusion of logged andsecondary forests in the Moratorium area is valid, we argue thatpolitical factors have to be considered when designing conservation policy in Indonesia