Psychosocial Determinants of Nutrient Intake in Girls

描述（由申请人提供）：研究已经证明饮食行为作为肥胖和心血管疾病（CVD）发展的可改变风险因素的重要性。肥胖和心血管疾病的负担在人群中分布不均；少数族裔的女性尤其容易肥胖，患心血管疾病和中风的几率也高于白人女性。因此，本研究的广泛和长期目标是更好地了解黑人和白人少女营养摄入的决定因素，并检查营养摄入和饮食行为对肥胖的影响，肥胖是心血管疾病的一个重要危险因素。总的来说，我们希望确定心理和家庭因素在多大程度上影响了黑人和白人女孩的营养摄入，而不是种族和社会经济因素的既定影响。具体而言，该项目的目的如下：1)提供黑人和白人女孩饮食行为和营养摄入的详细发展描述，并检查某些饮食行为（例如，不吃饭和吃零食）在饮食模式中的“聚类”；2)通过研究饮食行为和饮食模式对营养摄入和肥胖发展的影响，确定饮食行为和饮食模式的临床意义；3)研究心理和家族因素对黑人和白人女孩饮食行为、饮食模式、营养摄入和肥胖的影响。利用对2379名黑人和白人女性在12年期间（从9-10岁到21-23岁）维护良好的队列中收集的广泛数据的可用性，我们建议应用创新的分析程序来进一步科学地理解青春期女孩营养摄入和饮食行为的决定因素。作为国家心肺血液研究所生长与健康研究（NGHS）的一部分，参与者在十年中每年接受一次评估，包括人体测量、食物摄入、饮食和体重相关的态度和行为以及家庭凝聚力。家长们还在两项评估中提供了关于体重、饮食和家庭环境的信息。在随后对相同样本的研究中，进行了结构化的临床访谈，以确定精神疾病的历史和饮食失调的风险因素。还测量了成人体重。我们的二次分析结果将对旨在改善营养健康的干预措施有用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Studies have documented the importance of eating behavior as a modifiable risk factor for the development of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The burden of obesity and CVD is not equally distributed in the population; women from ethnic minority populations are particularly likely to be obese and to have higher rates of CVD and stroke than white women. Thus, the broad, long-term goal of this research is to better understand the determinants of nutrient intake in black and white adolescent girls and to examine the effects of nutrient intake and eating behaviors on obesity, a significant risk factor for CVD. Overall we wish to determine the extent to which psychological and familial factors contribute to nutrient intake in black and white girls, beyond the well-established effects of ethnicity and socioeconomic factors. Specifically, the aims of the project are the following: 1) to provide a detailed developmental description of eating behaviors and nutrient intake in black and white girls and to examine the "clustering" of certain eating behaviors (e.g., skipping meals and snacking) into eating patterns; 2) to determine the clinical significance of eating behaviors and eating patterns by examining their contribution to nutrient intake and the development of obesity; 3) to examine the role of psychological and familial factors as determinants of eating behaviors, eating patterns, nutrient intake, and obesity in black and white girls. Capitalizing upon the availability of extensive data collected prospectively among an exceptionally well-maintained cohort of 2,379 black and white females over a 12-year period (from ages 9-10 to ages 21-23), we propose to apply innovative analytic procedures to further the scientific understanding of the determinants of nutrient intake and eating behaviors in adolescent girls. Participants were assessed annually for ten years as part of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) with measurements of anthropometry, food intake, eating and weight related attitudes and behaviors and family cohesion. Parents also provided information about weight, eating, and family environment at two assessments. In a subsequent study with the same sample, structured clinical interviews were conducted to determine history of psychiatric disorders and risk factors for eating disorders. Adult weight was also measured. Results from our secondary analyses will be useful for interventions aimed at improving nutritional health.