Preventing Teen Smoking by Restricting Movie Exposure

描述（申请人提供）： 背景- 平均每个孩子花在看电影上的时间 他在学校里花的钱。 烟草的使用在电影中无处不在，然而， 它对青少年吸烟的影响以前没有研究过。我们假设 在电影中接触烟草使用是一个因果因素， 青少年吸烟。 初步工作--我们为期4年的研究得出了一个内容分析测量 600多部当代流行电影中烟草使用的数量和背景。 我们发现95%的电影中有烟草广告，28%的电影中有品牌形象。 我们将这些数据与一项超过5000人的横断面研究的回应联系起来。 5%八年级学生。 在多变量分析中，青少年暴露于 电影中的烟草使用与青少年吸烟有关， 吸烟者，它与预测未来吸烟的态度有关。 具体目标--本申请的目标是更好地了解 在电影中观看烟草使用与青少年吸烟之间的关系。到 为了实现这一目标，我们计划继续对流行的内容进行分析。 当代电影通过2005年，并进行了为期两年的纵向 对全国有代表性的3000名青少年进行电话调查。 这项调查将使我们能够描述青少年接触烟草使用的情况， 当代电影随着时间的推移，并确定是否这种曝光预测 吸烟率 方法-青少年将每半年调查一次他们的吸烟状况， 接触最近发行的流行电影的样本，以及一些 与青少年吸烟有关的其他因素。每个调查将包含一个独特的 电影的子集，从票房最高的热门电影和视频租赁中随机选择 在调查前六个月内公布。主要结果将是 从从不吸烟者到实验者的转变。 次要分析将是 研究接触电影烟草是否会影响 在从不吸烟的人中， 吸烟者建立。我们还将评估电影曝光的差异， 白人，非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人 意义-这是第一个前瞻性研究，以评估公众 在电影中描绘烟草使用对健康的影响。因为我们的研究 涉及美国青少年的全国代表性样本，数据来自 这项调查将使我们能够确定青少年吸烟的人数。 在美国，由于暴露于烟草使用， 流行的当代电影

Description (provided by applicant): Background--The average child spends as much time viewing movies and television as he spends in school. Tobacco use is ubiquitous in movies, yet its impact on adolescent smoking has not been studied before. We hypothesize that exposure to tobacco use in movies is a causal element in the initiation of adolescent smoking. Preliminary Work-- Our 4-year study resulted in a content analysis measuring the amount and context of tobacco use in over 600 popular contemporary movies. We found tobacco depictions in 95% of the movies and brand appearances in 28%. We linked these data with responses from a cross-sectional study of over 5000 5% 8_ grade students. In a multivariate analysis, adolescent exposure to tobacco use in movies was associated with adolescent smoking and, among never smokers, it was associated with attitudes that predict future smoking. Specific Aims--The goal of this application is to better understand the relationship between viewing tobacco use in movies and adolescent smoking. To accomplish this, we plan to continue the content analysis of popular contemporary films through the year 2005 and conduct a two-year longitudinal telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of 3000 adolescents. This survey will enable us to describe adolescents' exposure to tobacco use in contemporary films over time and to determine if this exposure predicts smoking uptake. Methods--Adolescents will be surveyed semiannually about their smoking status, exposure to a sample of recently released popular movies, and a number of other factors related to adolescent smoking. Each survey will contain a unique subset of movies, randomly selected from top box-office hits and video rentals released within six months prior to the survey. The primary outcome will be the transition from never smoker to experimenter. Secondary analyses will be conducted to examine whether exposure to movie tobacco use influences a t titudes among never smokers and influences experimenters to become established smokers. We will also evaluate differences in movie exposure among whites, African Americans, and Latinos. Significance-- This is the first prospective study to evaluate the public health implications of depicting tobacco use in movies. Because our study involves a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents, data from this survey will enable us to determine the number of cases of youth smoking in the United States that are attributable to exposure to tobacco use in popular, contemporary movies.