Improving wheat photosynthesis through wide crossing with wild relatives and selection using novel environments

目前小麦产量的增长不足以满足未来的需求，从而对全球粮食安全构成威胁。为了提高产量，有必要改善光合作用，因为这是生物量的主要决定因素。在现代面包小麦品种中选择改良光合作用的能力受到驯化后出现的遗传“瓶颈”的限制。为了增加遗传多样性，有可能开发野生相对种质，特别感兴趣的是Aegilops属和Triticum属，它们表现出可变的光合特性。在这项工作中，将利用各种新的环境条件，包括亚环境CO2，筛选含有多角小麦（Aegilops mutica）和乌拉尔小麦（Triticum urartu）渗入的面包小麦双单倍体系。利用叶绿素荧光、气体交换和叶片生物化学等多种技术评估其光合、光保护和光呼吸特性。

Wheat yield gains are currently insufficient to meet the demands of the future thus posing a risk to global food security. In order to increase yields it is necessary to improve photosynthesis, as this is the primary determinant of biomass. The ability to select for improved photosynthesis within modern bread wheat cultivars is constrained by genetic 'bottlenecks' which occurred following domestication. To increase genetic diversity it may be possible to exploit wild relative germplasm, of particular interest are the genus' Aegilops and Triticum, which exhibit variable photosynthetic traits. In this work, double haploid lines of bread wheat containing introgressions from Aegilops mutica and Triticum urartu are to be screened using a variety of novel environmental conditions including sub-ambient CO2 . The photosynthetic , photoprotective and photorespiratory properties will be evaluated using a variety of techniques including chlorophyll fluorescence, gas exchanging and leaf biochemistry.