Process Modelling and Defect Prediction for Wire

焊丝+电弧添加剂制造(WAAM)是一种以逐层方式制造中等复杂程度的大型金属工程部件的工艺。与实心坯料或锻件加工等传统制造方法相比，该工艺具有降低高价值和关键部件的成本和缩短交货期的潜力，因此引起了航空航天和其他工业部门的极大兴趣。在建造复杂结构时，残余应力和变形是WAAM工艺的一些主要挑战。它们可能会导致开裂，降低机械性能，或者导致构建失败，或者需要额外的下游处理才能修复。现有的附加制造零件的残余应力和变形模型计算量大，不适用于缩短交货期至关重要的行业。开发计算高效的模型来预测复杂的附加制造零件的残余应力和变形将是非常有价值的。

Wire + Arc Additive Manufacture (WAAM) is a process for building large scale metallic engineering components of medium complexity in a layer-by-layer manner. The process is of significant interest to aerospace and other industry sectors due to its potential to reduce cost and lead-time for high value and critical components when compared to conventional manufacturing methods such as machining from solid billet or forgings.Residual stress and distortion are some of the main challenges of the WAAM process when building complex structures. They can lead to cracking, reduced mechanical properties and either result in build failure or require additional down-stream processing to rectify. Current models of residual stress and distortion for additively manufactured parts are computationally intense and unsuitable for Industry where reducing lead-time is vital. Developing computationally efficient models for the prediction of residual stress and distortion of complex additively manufactured parts would be extremely valuable.