PREVENTING CHANGE TO REGULAR SMOKING IN COLLEGE STUDENTS

在所有癌症死亡中，烟草使用占30%。尽管美国成年人吸烟的总体流行率正在下降，但年轻人吸烟的流行率却在上升，尤其是在大学生中，估计有28%的人吸烟。职业发展：活动包括癌症预防和控制、高级生物统计学、高级流行病学、尼古丁成瘾和医学伦理学方面的培训。研究计划：研究计划的目标是更好地了解大学生的吸烟行为，并确定和测试干预措施的可行性。该计划涉及三项研究，涉及六个研究问题。研究将与密苏里大学哥伦比亚分校的学生健康中心和健康中心合作进行。研究1详细描述了大学生吸烟的自然历史。根据现有评估调整的措施将适用于马里兰大学入门课程的3500名学生。学生将构建标识符，用于保持机密性，并与学生在第4学年进行的后续调查中的回答相匹配，届时这些学生将进入高年级。研究1将提供有关大学生吸烟的进展和相关因素的信息，其中许多人可能在大一时偶尔吸烟，但在大学期间每天吸烟。研究2包括进行三个单一性别的焦点小组，并在两个不同的群体中分别进行随访访谈，这些群体是偶尔（每天少于5支香烟）和经常到重度（每天至少10支香烟）吸烟者。这12个小组的目标是确定：a)对戒烟和/或管理吸烟的兴趣；b)行为改变的障碍；c)用于戒烟和/或管理吸烟的策略；d)不同吸烟水平的干预偏好。研究3是一项试点研究，旨在检验基于动机性访谈和助推器电子邮件信息的咨询干预的可行性和有效性。学生将被随机分配到定制组（n=40）或标准对照组（n=40）。训练有素的辅导员将根据学生对减少或戒烟的兴趣量身定制两次15分钟的课程和三条电子邮件信息。主要结果包括进展到经常吸烟、吸烟和两年内的戒烟率。该研究计划采用探索性、描述性和干预性研究来解决未被充分研究的人群——大学生的烟草使用问题。每项研究都是独立的，但都是建立在先前研究结果的基础上的。拟议的经验将为哈里斯博士提供发展和启动完全独立的癌症预防和控制职业生涯的技能。

Tobacco use is responsible for 30 percent of all cancer deaths. Although the overall prevalence of adult cigarette smoking is declining in the US, the prevalence among young adults is increasing, especially among college students where an estimated 28 percent smoke. Career development: Activities include training in cancer prevention and control, advanced biostatistics, advanced epidemiology, nicotine addiction, and medical ethics. Research Program: The goals of the research program are to better understand the smoking behaviors of college students and to identify and test the feasibility of an intervention. The plan involves three studies that address six research questions. Studies will be conducted in collaboration with the Student Health Center and Wellness Center at University of Missouri- Columbia (MU). Study 1 details the natural history of smoking in college students. Measures adapted from existing assessments will be administered to 3,500 students in introductory classes at MU. Students will construct identifiers, which will be used to maintain confidentiality and to match students' responses to a follow-up survey administered in study year 4, when the cohort will be in their senior year. Study 1 will provide information on the progression and correlates of smoking in college students, many of whom may smoke occasionally as freshman but progress to daily smoking while in college. Study 2 consists of conducting three single-gender focus groups and follow-up interviews among each of two distinct groups, occasional (less than 5 cigarettes per day) and regular to heavy (at least 10 cigarettes per day) smokers. The goals of these twelve groups are to identify: a) interest in quitting and/or managing smoking, b) barriers to behavior change, c) strategies used to quit and/or manage smoking, and, d) intervention preferences across levels of smoking. Study 3 is a pilot study examining the feasibility and efficacy of a counseling intervention based on Motivational Interviewing and booster e-mail messages. Students will be randomized to either a tailored (n=40) or standard control (n=40) arm. Trained counselors will tailor two 15-minute sessions and three electronic mail messages based on students' interest in reducing or quitting. Primary outcomes include progression to regular smoking, cigarette consumption, and quit rates over two years. The research plan uses exploratory, descriptive, and intervention research to address tobacco use an understudied population, college students. Each study stands on its own, but is designed to build on the findings of the prior study. The proposed experiences will provide Dr. Harris with the skills to develop and launch a fully independent career in cancer prevention and control.