Investigating the mechanical properties involved in catastrophic volcanic collapse

火山侧面坍塌和随后的山体滑坡是一种极具破坏性的现象，由这类事件产生的海啸扩大了火山岛的毁灭性影响。触发这类事件的原因可以归因于火山岛上的一些现象：脆弱的材料或结构、陡峭的建筑物上方、侵入和孔隙水相互作用导致的压力增加或压力增加。一旦触发，控制滑坡的组件涉及到材料特性，包括强度、摩擦力和孔隙流体压力。通过比较三个关键的火山岛，可以确定主要的触发原因是什么，或者是根据火山环境的不同，还是由于建筑物的材料构成而不同。这些地点将包括里特岛，最近从俯冲环境中历史性地坍塌，以及佛得角的福戈，从板内环境中暴露出来的单个巨大伤疤和海啸的证据。该项目将使用实验实验室程序来确定SCAR岩层的岩样性质，目的是找出火山岩的物理和水力性质如何影响导致坍塌的软化侧翼的敏感性。这将允许比较不同的火山岛，以及如何描述导致和坍塌本身的特征。

Volcanic flank collapse and subsequent landslides is a highly destructive phenomenon and tsunamis generated from such events extend the devastating reach of volcanic islands. Triggering such events can be attributed to a number of phenomena on volcanic islands; weak materials or structures, over steepened edifices, increased stresses or pressure build up due to intrusions and pore water interaction. Once triggered, the controlling components over a landslide involves the material properties, including the strength, friction and pore fluid pressures. By comparing three key volcanic islands it can be determined what is the main triggering cause, or whether this differs depending on the volcanic setting or due to the material make-up of the edifice. These locations will include Ritter Island, a recent historic collapse from a subduction setting and Fogo of the Cape Verde from an intraplate setting with a well exposed single giant scar and evidence of a tsunami. This project will use experimental laboratory procedures to determine sample rock properties from the scar and aim to find how the physical and hydraulic properties of volcanic formation affects the susceptibility to weakening flanks leading to collapse. This will allow comparison of the various volcanic islands and how the lead up to and the collapse itself is characterised.