Understanding Effect Modifiers of the Relationship Between Health and Exposure to Urban Green and Blue space

城市地区的自然环境通过几种途径与健康行为联系在一起--身体活动、社会互动区、自然的治疗和恢复特性和/或当地环境条件的改善。尽管有证据表明自然环境具有积极影响健康的能力，但并不是所有的分析都发现这种关系。阴性或中性结果可能是由于方法中没有考虑到的修饰剂所致。有许多因素可以改变自然环境提供健康益处的能力，但尚未进行调查，这包括植被和建筑空间的特征，以及附近的自然环境，人口，社会和经济因素，人们访问自然环境的频率和时间，以及个人的偏好和感知。该项目的总体目标是确定和评估可能作为自然环境与健康之间关系的效果修饰物的未被充分研究的因素。具体目标是：1.进行文献回顾，以确定可能改变自然环境对健康影响的因素，并制定相应的概念框架，突出潜在的关系和混淆。确定适当的方法，以确定选定的因素是否以及在多大程度上改变了自然环境对健康的影响3。汇编地理空间数据，以描述自然环境的特征，并在空间上与相关的健康数据建立联系，包括健康调查、建立队列研究和定期收集健康数据。4.分析选定的因素如何调节或改变体验自然环境与健康之间的联系。关于参观中心的学童对大自然的态度和兴趣。

Natural environments in urban areas have been associated with healthful behaviours via several pathways - physical activity, areas for social interaction, therapeutic and restorative properties of nature and/or the improvement in local environmental conditions.Despite there being evidence to support natural environments abilities to positively impact health, this relationship has not been found across all analyses. Negative or neutral results may be due to modifiers which were not accounted for in methods. There are many factors that can modify a natural environments ability to provide health benefits, which have not been investigated This includes characteristics of vegetated and built-up space, along with the nearby physical environment, demographic, social and economic factors, how regularly people visit natural environments and for how long, and a person's individual preference and perception. The overall aim of this project is to identify and assess understudied factors that might act as effect modifiers of the relationship between natural environments and health. The specific objectives are to:1. To conduct a literature review to identify factors which potentially modify the effect of natural environments on health, and develop a corresponding conceptual framework highlighting potential relationships and confounders.2. To identify appropriate methodologies to determine if and to what degree selected factors modify the effect of natural environments on health3. To compile geospatial data to characterise natural environments and spatially link to relevant health data, including health surveys, established cohort studies and routinely collected health data. 4. To analyse how selected factors, mediate or modify the association between experiencing natural environments and health. on attitudes and interest in nature in school children visiting the Centre.