Presbycusis: Biomedical Risk Factors

产品说明：（申请人提供）中枢神经系统中与噪音相关的变化通常会损害听力，特别是在噪音或其他困难的听力情况下的言语理解。这种与年龄相关的中枢听觉处理障碍被称为中枢性老年性耳聋。值得注意的是，患有早期可能阿尔茨海默氏痴呆症（pAD）的人表现出与中枢性老年性耳聋患者相似的中枢听觉处理不良的迹象，除了这些迹象比对照组发生得更早，更早，程度更大。这表明，中枢性老年性耳聋的一些情况下，可能是由于早期阿尔茨海默氏痴呆症，并提出了评估，以检测中枢听觉处理功能障碍（即中枢听觉测试）可能是有用的预测pAD的可能性。本研究的目的是建立流行病学基础的中枢听觉测试的神经心理学评估和筛查的风险和存在的pAD。 在考虑这种可能性之前，关于中枢听觉功能障碍与pAD的关系还有许多未回答的问题。言语理解能力差是由于听觉通路的阿尔茨海默病，还是调节言语处理和注意力的额叶执行控制中心的阿尔茨海默病？ 为什么大多数pAD病例的中枢听觉表现不对称？中枢性听觉功能障碍是pAD的早期表现还是衰老过程的同步效应？哪些中枢听觉指标对早期pAD最敏感？中枢性老年性耳聋中有多少是由于未被发现的继发于螺旋神经节变性的年龄相关性听神经病引起的？ 这项研究申请提供了一个独特的机会，以解决这些重要的问题，通过研究老年成员的听力状况的成年人改变思想队列参加了一项纵向研究的老龄化和痴呆症在西雅图。通过比较pAD和非pAD受试者的行为中枢听觉测试结果，同时控制外周听力和神经心理状态，我们可以更好地了解衰老和痴呆障碍对中枢听觉功能的影响。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) Age-related changes in the central nervous system often impair hearing, in particular, speech understanding in noise or other difficult listening situations. This type of age-related central auditory processing disorder is known as central presbycusis. Of note, people with early stage probable Alzheimer dementia (pAD) exhibit signs of poor central auditory processing that are similar to people with central presbycusis except that these signs occur earlier, more prevalently, and to a greater degree than in controls. This suggests that some cases of central presbycusis may be due to incipient Alzheimer dementia and raises the possibility that assessments to detect central auditory processing dysfunction (i.e. central auditory tests) might be useful as a predictor of pAD. The goal of this research is to establish the epidemiologic basis for central auditory testing in the neuropsychological evaluation and in screening for risk and presence of pAD. Before this possibility can be considered, there are many unanswered questions about the association of central auditory dysfunction and pAD. Is the poor speech understanding due to Alzheimer lesions in the auditory pathways, or in the frontal executive control centers that regulate speech processing and attention? Why do most cases of pAD have asymmetric central auditory findings? Is central auditory dysfunction an early manifestation of pAD or a coincident effect of the aging process? Which central auditory measures are most sensitive to early pAD? What proportion of central presbycusis is due to undetected age-related auditory neuropathy secondary to spiral ganglion degeneration? This research application provides a unique opportunity to address these important questions by studying the hearing status of the elderly members of the Adult Change of Thought cohort enrolled in a longitudinal study of aging and dementia in Seattle. By comparing the results of behavioral central auditory tests in the pAD and non-pAD subjects, while controlling for peripheral hearing and neuropsychologic status, we may better understand the effects of aging and dementing disorders upon central auditory function.