CORE--MUCOSAL IMMUNITY

粘膜淋巴组织的使用在新兴的HIV研究中至关重要， 研究表明，淋巴组织具有关键的重要性， 是复制型HIV-1的主要储存库最近的研究已经开始解决 淋巴组织中CD 4 + T细胞耗竭的差异率， 外周血，尝试比较淋巴组织中的病毒负荷 和血浆。这些研究具有直接的临床意义， 继续治疗。肠相关淋巴组织（GALT） 代表身体的主要淋巴器官，其中大部分直接， 通过内窥镜活检快速安全地获取。此外该 粘膜淋巴细胞群是免疫系统的第一线， 防御，之前的第二阶段更有组织的免疫 淋巴结和扁桃体组织的处理中心。重要的是， 粘膜组织被迅速替换， 与数目有限限制其在治疗中的用途的淋巴结相反， 监测组织反应。 新的粘液免疫学核心旨在为感兴趣的研究人员提供 具有临床良好表征的胃肠道组织样品， 用于研究的粘膜部位。从临床角度来看，这将涉及 研究设计咨询，招募适当的患者队列， 协助提交个体化人类受试者保护 应用.实验室部分将提供优化技术 提供HIV血清阳性受试者的新鲜和冷冻样本， 血清阴性对照。 在临床试验中很容易从患者中收集样本， 允许评估病毒影响，例如，暴露前后 新的药物疗法。可以获得特定部位的活检， 食管、胃、十二指肠、回肠、结肠和直肠检查 组织.单细胞采集，如单核粘膜制备物 用于流式细胞术，或来自唾液或直肠的免疫球蛋白分泌物 可以在前瞻性的基础上收集粘膜，用于感兴趣的 investigators. 其他粘膜部位（咽、肺、阴道、泌尿系统）和 其他患者人群（包括女性和少数民族）将 可通过支持性临床医生网络获得。

The use of mucosal lymphoid tissue is critical in emerging HIV research as studies have demonstrated the pivotal importance of lymphoid tissue has a major reservoir of replicative HIV-1. Recent studies have begun to address the differential rates of CD4+ T cell depletion in lymphoid tissue and peripheral blood with attempts to compare viral burden in lymphoid tissue and plasma. These studies have immediate clinical implications regarding continuation of therapy. The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) represents the body's major lymphoid organ, most of which is directly, quickly and safely accessible by endoscopic biopsy. In addition, the mucosal lymphoid populations are among the first lines of immunological defense, preceding the second phase of more organized immunological processing centers of lymph nodes and tonsillar tissue. Importantly this mucosal tissue is rapidly replace and can be evaluated frequently, in contrast to lymph nodes which are finite in number limiting their use in monitoring tissue response. The new Mucosal Immunology Core will aim to provide interested researchers with clinically well-characterized tissue samples from gastrointestinal mucosal sites for study. From a clinical perspective, this will involve consultation in study design, recruitment of appropriate patient cohorts, assistance in submission of individualized human subjects protection applications. The laboratory component will provide optimized techniques in providing fresh and frozen samples of HIV seropositive subjects and seronegative controls. Samples are easily collected from patients in clinical trials which would allow assessment of viral impact, for example, before and after exposure to new medication regimens. Site-specific biopsies can be obtained for investigations of esophageal, stomach, duodenal, ileal, colonic and rectal tissue. Single cell collections, such as mononuclear mucosal preparations for flow cytometry, or immunoglobulin secretions from saliva or rectal mucosa can be collected on a prospective basis for interested investigators. Other mucosal sites (pharyngeal, pulmonary, vaginal, urinary system) and other patient populations (including women and minorities) will be available through a network of supportive clinicians.