Urban Transport Infrastructure Most Conducive to Electric Micro-mobility

城市内部的交通基础设施正在发生变化。英国政府发布了《自行车和步行投资战略》等文件，承认可持续交通的好处，以及提供适当基础设施以实现向可持续模式转变的必要性。这导致了政府倡议的创建，包括城市转型基金，旨在减少汽车在英国一些最大城市地区的主导地位，支持更可持续的公共交通和积极的出行方式。一种运输方式通常可以被认为是一种“电动微移动”的形式，如果它使用一种小型、轻型的车辆，由电力辅助，主要用于短途旅行。与传统自行车相比，电动自行车的研究仍处于起步阶段，尤其是“运动Pedelecs”，它通常拥有输出功率大于250瓦的电机。尽管电动自行车市场不断增长，但很少有研究对其在传统自行车基础设施上的安全功能进行研究。由于它们的速度，它们是私家车的真正替代品。此外，随着全球共享计划的建立，电动滑板车越来越受欢迎，相对于更成熟的模式，电动滑板车是另一种鲜有研究发表的交通方式。与此同时，共享单车计划已进入“第四代”，其特点是使用智能手机，并且能够无桩运行。其中一些计划使用电动自行车和最近的电动滑板车。研究发现，它们对城市内的整体自行车倡导有积极的影响。这可以使公众更容易接受进一步的自行车基础设施投资。电动微型交通有许多潜在的障碍，从基础设施的质量到公众的看法，这导致政治意愿不高，不愿意将这种模式作为未来交通的重要贡献者。本研究的目的是在设计基础设施时衡量实践，通过成本效益分析确定应用于促进电动微移动作为一种运输方式的增长。这将包括充电点、与其他模式的整合以及更广泛的自行车网络。这种情况将在英国与世界各地城市的案例研究中进行比较，从不同水平的自行车模式共享、基础设施提供和电动微型交通的吸收中学习一系列文化。这将通过定量数据实现，并通过焦点小组补充定性数据。一系列人的意见将被审查，比如工程师和基础设施用户。从结果中得出的结论将有助于决策者和地方议会等利益攸关方的决策过程。

Transport infrastructure is changing within cities. The UK Government has published documents such as the Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy that acknowledges the benefits of sustainable transport and the need to provide appropriate infrastructure to generate a shift towards sustainable modes. This had led to the creation of Government initiatives including the Transforming Cities Fund, which aims to reduce the dominance of cars within some of the biggest English city regions, favouring more sustainable public transport and active travel modes.A mode of transport can generally be considered a form of "electric micro-mobility" if it uses a small, lightweight vehicle assisted by electric and primarily over short journeys. Research into E-Bikes, especially 'Sports Pedelecs' that typically possess motors with a greater output than 250w, is still in its infancy relative to conventional cycling. Despite the E-Bike market growing, little research has been carried out into their safe functioning on conventional cycling infrastructure. Due to their speed they present a real alternative to the private car. In addition, E-Scooters have risen in popularity with the creation of share schemes across the globe and is another form of transport that has little research published about it relative to more established modes. Meanwhile, bike share schemes have reached their "fourth-generation" of existence, characterised by their utilisation of smartphones and ability to function dockless. Some of these schemes use E-bikes and more recently E-Scooters. It has been found that they have a positive impact on overall cycling advocacy within a city. This can lead to greater acceptance by the general public on further cycling infrastructure investment. Electric micro-mobility has many potential barriers, ranging from the quality of the infrastructure to public perception, which leads to a low political will to embrace the mode as a significant contributor to future mobility. The aim of this research is to measure practices when designing infrastructure, identifying through cost benefit analysis which should be utilised to promote the growth in electric micro-mobility as a mode of transport. This will include charging points, integration with other modes and the wider cycling network. The situation will be compared across case studies in England with cities throughout the world, learning from a range of cultures with various levels of cycling mode share, infrastructure provision and uptake of electric micro-mobility. This will be achieved through quantitative data and supplemented with qualitative data through focus groups. A range of people's opinions will be examined, such as engineers and infrastructure users. The conclusions drawn from the results will assist in the decision-making process for stakeholders such as policy makers and local councils.