Diet and Cancer in Puerto Rican Men

描述(由申请人提供)： 这是一小笔赠款，用于前瞻性研究参加波多黎各心脏健康计划(PRHHP)的波多黎各男性的饮食和前列腺癌。很少有研究能够研究饮食与美国西语裔或任何其他少数群体前列腺癌死亡率之间的纵向关系。尽管癌症死亡率在过去20年中在普通人群中有所下降，但在西班牙裔人口中却有所上升。拉美裔美国人的癌症死亡率低于非西班牙裔白人；然而，在美国和波多黎各，波多黎各人的癌症死亡率高于所有拉美裔美国人的死亡率总和。此外，波多黎各男性的头号癌症杀手是前列腺癌，而不是肺癌。癌症发病率在种族间和种族内的差异的原因尚不清楚。与前列腺癌相关的既有和新出现的风险因素包括年龄、种族、饮食、肥胖、缺乏体育活动、吸烟、饮酒和性传播疾病等。PRHHP在1964至1980年间的四次检查中收集了关于这些危险因素的信息，这对增加我们对美国少数民族人口这种疾病的病因的了解具有巨大的潜力。 大多数已发表的关于豆类和前列腺癌的信息都是基于大豆的发现，对美国饮食的适用性有限，因为非大豆豆类是西方饮食中最常吃的豆类。我们发现只有一项已发表的流行病学研究考察了非大豆豆类与前列腺癌的关系。波多黎各的人均豆类消费量是美国的两倍。这笔小额赠款的具体目的是研究非大豆豆类饮食消费与波多黎各男子前列腺癌死亡率的关系。 对于这笔赠款，我们计划使用波多黎各人口登记处、波多黎各癌症登记处和国家死亡指数Plus的信息来确定和描述PRHHP男性队列中的前列腺癌死亡率。这一应用是创新的，因为：(A)它利用已建立的队列来调查研究不足的西班牙裔亚群的癌症死亡率，该亚群的癌症死亡率高于其他拉美裔亚群；(B)有可能研究其他暴露，如肤色、性传播疾病、酒精、吸烟和其他与前列腺癌和其他癌症有关的新风险因素；以及(C)将有助于关于非大豆豆类摄取与前列腺癌死亡率之间的关系的新知识。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a small grant to study prospectively diet and prostate cancer among Puerto Rican men who took part in the Puerto Rico Heart Health Program (PRHHP). Few studies have been able to study the relationship of diet with prostate cancer mortality longitudinally among Hispanics or any other minority group in the United States. Although cancer mortality rates have decreased in the past 20 years in the general population, it has increased in the Hispanic population. Cancer mortality rates among Hispanics are lower than those observed among non-Hispanic whites; however, for Puerto Ricans both in the United States and in Puerto Rico, cancer mortality rates are greater than those observed for all Hispanics combined. Moreover, the number one cancer killer among Puerto Rican men is prostate cancer, not lung cancer. The reason for this inter- and intra-ethnic variation in cancer rates remains unclear. Established and emerging risk factors associated with prostate cancer include age, race, diet, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol intake and sexually transmitted diseases, among others. The PRHHP collected information on these risk factors during four examinations between 1964 and 1980 with enormous potential for increasing our understanding of the etiology of this disease in US minority population. Most of the published information on legumes and prostate cancer are based on findings from soy legumes with limited applicability to the US diet, since non-soy legumes are the most commonly eaten type of legumes in the Western diet. We found only one published epidemiological study that examined the relationship of non-soy legumes with prostate cancer. Consumption per capita of legumes in Puerto Rico is double that of the US. The specific aim of this small grant is to examine the relationship of dietary consumption of non-soy legumes with prostate cancer mortality in Puerto Rican men. For this grant we plan to ascertain and characterize prostate cancer mortality in the cohort of men from the PRHHP using information from the Puerto Rico Demographic Registry, Puerto Rico Cancer Registry and the National Death Index Plus. This application is innovative because (a) it takes advantage of an established cohort to investigate cancer mortality in an under-studied Hispanic subgroup with higher cancer mortality rates than other Hispanic subgroups; (b) has the potential to study other exposures such as skin color, sexually transmitted disease, alcohol, smoking and other emerging risk factors with prostate and other cancers; and (c) will contribute new knowledge regarding the relationship between intake of non-soy legumes and prostate cancer mortality.