Negotiating African American Adolescent Fatherhood

描述(申请人提供)：在低收入非裔美国人中，未婚青春期父亲的发生率是其他族裔的两倍。这些年轻的父亲在养育孩子的积极和持续的父亲参与方面面临着许多障碍。这个定性的比较案例研究将描述父母亲血缘关系系统(青春期的父亲、他的父母、青春期的母亲和她的父母)随着时间的推移对未婚、低收入、非裔美国人青少年父亲的影响。亲属关系概念框架(Burton和Stack，1993)是对少数族裔家庭的文化敏感概念化，它确定了指导本研究的三个概念领域：亲属关系，确保婴儿存活所需的工作；亲属关系，关于角色转换到父母和祖父母的适当顺序的共同理解；以及亲属关系，亲属关系系统成员与亲属关系工作的社会化过程。现有的横断面研究表明，青春期父亲的参与度在12-24个月之间显著下降。在怀孕后期、出生后1个月、6个月、12个月、18个月和24个月时，将对30个经历青春期父亲的父母亲亲属关系系统进行访谈。分析将描述：1)青少年父亲对亲属关系和亲属关系工作的期望，特别是谁需要做什么任务；2)父母亲属关系系统成员和卫生保健专业人员使用的促进或抑制这些预期角色履行的亲属关系机制；3)青少年父亲的实际亲属关系，特别是青少年父亲角色的履行；以及4)对青少年父亲实际亲属工作的满意程度。我们将在其社会环境背景下对每个亲属关系系统进行丰富的描述。然后，我们确定了亲属关系系统中的主要主题，并对青少年父亲随时间的变化进行了初步的分类。一个小型试点项目加强了这一重新提交的工作，该试点项目记录了指导分析的概念模型的适当性和拟议程序的可行性。其他审查者的建议也被纳入其中。研究结果将被用于制定适合文化和发展的临床评估、教学战略，并影响公共政策，以加强非裔美国青少年父亲及其家庭的父亲参与。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The incidence of unmarried adolescent fatherhood among low-income African Americans is twice that of other ethnic groups. These young fathers face many barriers to the positive and consistent paternal involvement that fosters child well being. This qualitative comparative case study will describe the influence of the paternal-maternal kinship system (the adolescent father, his parents, the adolescent mother, and her parents) on unmarried, low-income, African American adolescent fatherhood over time. The kinscripts conceptual framework (Burton and Stack, 1993), a culturally sensitive conceptualization of minority families, identifies three conceptual domains that guide this study: kin-work, the work needed to ensure the survival of the baby; kin-time, shared understandings about the appropriate sequence of role transitions into parenthood and grandparenthood; and kin-scription, the process of socializing kinship system members to kin-work. Existing cross-sectional research suggests that adolescent father involvement declines substantially between 12-24 months. Thirty paternal-maternal kinship systems experiencing adolescent fatherhood will be interviewed in late pregnancy and at 1, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after birth. Analysis will describe: 1) the expectations in kin-time and kin-work of adolescent fathers, specifically who needs to do what tasks; 2) the kin-scription mechanisms used by the paternal-maternal kinship system members and health care professionals that facilitate or inhibit implementation of these expected roles; 3) the actual kinwork of the adolescent fathers, specifically the implementation of the adolescent father roles; and 4) the degree of satisfaction with the adolescent fathers' actual kin-work. We will develop a rich description of each kinship system in its socioenvironmental context. We then identify major themes across kinship systems and a beginning typology of the negotiation of adolescent fatherhood over time. This resubmission is strengthened by a small pilot that documents the appropriateness of the conceptual model to guide analysis and the feasibility of the proposed procedures. Other reviewer suggestions are also incorporated. Findings will be used to develop culturally and developmentally appropriate clinical assessments, teaching strategies, and to influence public policies to enhance paternal involvement for African American adolescent fathers and their families.