Computerized population Programs for Three Cancer Risks

描述(由申请人提供)：本研究项目的具体目标是(1)复制最有效的行为方法之一 干预，一系列专家系统干预，针对两种吸烟 在全国范围内停止和减少膳食脂肪；(2)扩大 干预减少久坐不动的生活方式；(3)发展和 评估创新的自动化咨询干预的有效性， TLC电信系统，适用于相同的3种行为风险 因素；(4)比较当前模块化专家系统的有效性 采用集成专家系统干预的方法，以及(5)确定 3种干预措施的成本-效果。所有受试者都将在 所有3个风险因素的风险以及所有干预措施都将对所有3个风险进行干预 同时考虑各种因素。模块化专家系统干预涉及3个方面 评估，每隔6个月分别提交3份反馈报告 对于每一个风险因素。电信系统涉及到Briefer 对每个危险因素的评估和咨询引诱定期电话 12个月内的联系。集成化专家系统干预 涉及对所有3个风险因素进行3次单一评估，然后 同时对所有三个危险因素进行干预，试图增加 效率和利用行为之间的协方差。全部3个 干预以跨理论模型为基础。全国样本 将在美国大陆招募1600名受试者，使用 随机数字拨号电话方法。所有的干预措施都是为了 对总人口的影响和积极主动的招募程序将是 受雇招聘超过75%的合格样本。设计是这样的 A 4组(控制、模块化专家系统干预、电信 干预，集成专家系统干预)×3次(0、12和 24个月)。对每个行为风险因素进行为期12个月的干预 并且这3个危险因素将同时相关。三种干预措施 在这个项目中被评估的有可能很容易以低成本传播 对整个高危人群的成本。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The specific aims of this research project are (1) to replicate one of the most effective approaches to behavioral intervention, a series of expert system interventions, for both smoking cessation and reduction of dietary fat on a national sample; (2) to extend the intervention to the reduction of sedentary life style; (3) to develop and assess the effectiveness of an innovative automated counseling intervention, the TLC telecommunications system, applied to the same 3 behavioral risk factors; (4) to compare the effectiveness of the current modular expert system approach with an integrated expert system intervention, and (5) to determine the cost-effectiveness of each of the 3 interventions. All subjects will be at risk for all 3 risk factors and all interventions would intervene on all 3 risk factors simultaneously. The modular expert system intervention involves 3 assessments, each followed by 3 separate feedback reports at 6-month intervals for each of the risk factors. The telecommunications system involves briefer assessments on each risk factor and counseling luring regular telephone contacts over a 12-month period. The integrated expert system intervention involves a single assessment on 3 occasions of all 3 risk factors followed by intervention on all 3 risk factors simultaneously in an attempt to increase efficiency and capitalize on the covariance between the behaviors. All 3 interventions are based on the Transtheoretical Model. The national sample would be 1600 subjects recruited throughout the continental United States using random digit dial telephone methodology. All interventions are designed to impact on a total population and a proactive recruitment procedure will be employed to recruit more than 75 percent of the eligible sample. The design is a 4-group (Control, Modular Expert System intervention, Telecommunications Intervention, Integrated Expert System Intervention) x 3 occasions (0, 12, and 24 months). Each behavioral risk factor will be intervened upon for 12 months and the 3 risk factors will be related simultaneously. The 3 interventions evaluated in this project have the potential to be easily disseminated at low costs to entire populations of at-risk individuals.