Decorative Painting of a Pictorial Kind': William Bell Scott and the Visualisation of National Historical Identity

这篇论文的重点是威廉·贝尔·斯科特（William Bell Scott, 1811-90），他是一位重要的苏格兰艺术家，也是拉斐尔前派（pre - raphaire）圈子中有影响力的成员，在艺术史学术领域几乎完全被忽视。目的是在19世纪中期苏格兰和更广泛的英国民族认同的构建背景下研究斯科特最重要的作品。这将涉及对斯科特的历史主题绘画作品的详细分析，包括他在诺森伯兰郡沃灵顿的主要系列壁画（国家信托基金）和艾尔郡的彭吉尔城堡（私人所有），以及为维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆制作的一系列彩色玻璃窗，以及苏格兰国家美术馆的大型折叠屏风和四本超过1000份预备研究的相册。这些绘画作品将被认为与英国的社会政治气候有关，以解决以下问题：19世纪中期的英国艺术家和赞助人在多大程度上寻求将自己置于国家历史叙事中？他们如何在公共和私人环境的装饰中维护一种民族认同感？苏格兰艺术家和赞助人是如何解读历史题材的？苏格兰艺术家和赞助人在英国、欧洲和大英帝国的关系网是怎样的？女性艺术家和赞助人在斯科特的圈子里所扮演的角色也将被评估。这项研究将与苏格兰国家美术馆（NGS）的苏格兰画廊重建同时进行。这些展览将于2021年开放，在学生的第二年，斯科特的鲜为人知的屏幕和他的流行画作，乌纳和狮子（1860），作为主要展品。通过采用反映当代艺术史实践趋势的方法进行材料研究和基于对象的分析，研究将采用跨学科的方法，包括建筑史、文学史、时尚史和娱乐史。这项研究的范围为一系列文物组织之间的知识转移提供了多种机会；例如，对装饰艺术的重视与最近在苏格兰国家博物馆和V&A邓迪开设的设计画廊相辅相成。虽然斯科特在NGS、Kelvingrove艺术画廊和博物馆、V&A和泰特美术馆展出，但他的作品还没有得到充分的研究。最后一次学术研究是在1951年，没有专著。他对苏格兰艺术环境的参与从未被评估过，他对后来苏格兰艺术家的影响也没有被评估过。这与他的英国前拉斐尔派同事形成鲜明对比，包括威廉·霍尔曼·亨特（William Holman Hunt, 1827-1901）和但丁·加布里埃尔·罗塞蒂（Dante Gabriel Rossetti, 1828-82），后者一直是广泛研究的对象。该项目的目的是通过对斯科特的现有文献进行调查，以揭示和恢复他对苏格兰文化的贡献，从而纠正这种平衡。除了NGS持有的材料外，可供参考的资料来源还包括斯科特在装饰艺术方面的出版物以及苏格兰国家图书馆（National library of Scotland）持有的他的图书馆目录。25(9)]，斯科特设计的椅子，由苏格兰国家博物馆收藏[H.1992.1897]，迪克研究所，基尔马诺克，纽卡斯尔大学和伦敦V&A档案馆。在英属哥伦比亚大学和普林斯顿大学也有重要的文献收藏，候选人打算访问。

The focus of the proposed thesis is William Bell Scott (1811-90), a major Scottish artist and influential member of the Pre-Raphaelite circle, who has been almost entirely neglected in art-historical scholarship. The purpose is to examine Scott's most significant works in the context of the mid-19th-century construction of Scottish and wider-British national identity. This will involve detailed analysis of Scott's pictorial works on historical themes, including his major series of wall paintings at Wallington in Northumberland (National Trust) and Penkill Castle in Ayrshire (private ownership), and a series of stained-glass windows produced for the Victoria and Albert Museum [V&A], as well as a large-scale folding screen and four albums of over 1000 preparatory studies at the National Galleries of Scotland [NGS]. These pictorial works will be considered in relation to the socio-political climate in Britain in order to address the following questions: To what extent did mid-19th-century British artists and patrons seek to situate themselves within a national historical narrative?How did they assert a sense of national identity in the decoration of public and private environments?How did Scottish artists and patrons interpret historical subjects?What were the networks of Scottish artists and patrons across Britain, Europe and the British Empire? The roles of female artists and patrons in Scott's circle will also be assessed.This research will coincide with the redevelopment of the Scottish galleries at the Scottish National Gallery, NGS. These are due to open in 2021, during the second year of the studentship, with Scott's little-known screen and his popular painting, Una and the Lion (1860), as key exhibits. By employing a methodology that reflects a trend in contemporary art-historical practice for material studies and object-based analysis, the research will adopt an inter-disciplinary approach that encompasses the history of architecture, literature, fashion and entertainment. The scope of this research provides multiple opportunities for knowledge transfer between a range of heritage organisations; for example, the emphasis on decorative arts complements the recent opening of design galleries at the National Museum of Scotland and V&A Dundee.Proposed ApproachAlthough Scott is represented in NGS, Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, V&A and Tate, his oeuvre is under-researched. The last academic study was in 1951 and there is no monograph. His involvement with the artistic milieu in Scotland has never been evaluated, and his influence on later Scottish artists has not been appraised. This contrasts dramatically with his English Pre-Raphaelite associates, including William Holman Hunt (1827-1901) and Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-82), who have been the subjects of extensive investigation. The aim of this project is to redress the balance by interrogating the existing documentation on Scott in order to reveal and reinstate his contribution to Scottish culture. In addition to the material held by NGS, sources to be consulted will include Scott's publications on the decorative arts and the catalogue of his library held by the National Library of Scotland [Mf.25(9)], a chair designed by Scott held by National Museums Scotland [H.1992.1897], and archives at The Dick Institute, Kilmarnock, Newcastle University and V&A, London. There are also significant collections of documents at the University of British Columbia and Princeton University which the candidate intends to access.