Psychosocial Treatment for ADHD Inattentive Type 1

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项申请，旨在开发和评估针对注意力缺陷/多动障碍，主要是注意力不集中型（ADHD-I）的综合心理社会治疗（PST）。ADHD-I是一种非常普遍和严重的儿童精神障碍，具有显著的学业和社交障碍，患有ADHD-I的儿童与那些得到充分研究的ADHD-C型儿童不同，他们有注意力不集中的不适应水平，但较少出现多动、冲动和反社会行为的问题。最近的研究也表明ADHD-I有独特的认知问题，其特征是认知速度缓慢。目前还没有针对ADHD- i的社会心理干预的实证研究，尽管这些干预可能是治疗没有严重多动/冲动或共病破坏性行为障碍（如ADHD- i）的ADHD病例的一线方法。具体目标是：(1)开发针对ADHD-I的手动心理社会干预，旨在减轻症状严重程度和跨多个领域（例如，学术，社会，家庭，其他外化和内化精神病理学）的功能障碍；(2)通过开放试验（N=12）对干预措施进行试点，并根据临床结果和参与者、临床医生和研究人员的反馈进行必要的修改；(3)采用修改后的治疗手册，对60例诊断为ADHD-I的儿童（N=60）进行初步随机临床试验，包括治疗组和社区对照组，评估干预的短期疗效；(4)随访2个月，观察治疗效果的持久性。长期目标是将该疗法应用于更大规模的随机试验，包括与兴奋剂药物和多模式治疗组合进行比较。建议的治疗强调实用性，易于复制和推广，这对我们研究治疗在社区中的有效性和向学校和心理健康从业者传播干预措施的额外长期计划很重要。我们还期望获得基于个体对治疗反应的信息，以进一步了解ADHD-I。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application to develop and evaluate an integrated psychosocial treatment (PST) for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Inattentive type (ADHD-I). ADHD-I is a highly prevalent and serious childhood psychiatric disorder with significant academic and social impairment Children with ADHD-I differ from those with the well-studied ADHD-Combined Type (ADHD-C) in that they have maladaptive levels of inattention, but fewer problems of hyperactivity, impulsivity and antisocial behavior. Recent work also suggests unique cognitive problems in ADHD-I characterized by a sluggish cognitive tempo. No empirical studies of psychosocial interventions with ADHD-I are available, although these interventions may be the first line of treatment for ADHD cases without severe hyperactivity/impulsivity or comorbid disruptive behavior disorders, such as those with ADHD-I. The specific aims are to: (1) Develop a manualized psychosocial intervention for ADHD-I aimed at reducing symptom severity and functional impairment across multiple domains (e.g., academic, social, family, other externalizing and internalizing psychopathology); (2) Pilot the intervention through an open trial (N=12) and modify it as needed based on clinical outcomes and feedback from participants, clinicians, and study investigators; (3) Utilize the modified treatment manual in an initial randomized clinical trial of children diagnosed with ADHD-I (N=60), including a treated group and a community control group, to evaluate the short-term efficacy of the intervention; (4) Examine the durability of treatment gains at 2-month follow-up. The long-terms aims are to apply the treatment in larger-scale randomized trials including comparisons with stimulant medication and multimodal treatment combinations. The proposed treatment emphasizes practicality, ease of replication, and generalizability, important to our additional long-term plans of studying the treatment's effectiveness in the community and disseminating the intervention to schools and mental health practitioners. We also anticipate obtaining information, based on individual response to treatment, to further our understanding of ADHD-I.