Refugee Art Dealers in London: New Artists, Networks and Approaches, 1933-1960

1933年至1938年期间逃离纳粹主义来到英国定居的艺术品交易商，引人注目的是，他们在现有的英国现代艺术史和流亡研究中相对缺席。他们偶尔出现在艺术家的叙事和画廊历史上，只在他们自己的作品和回忆录中占据中心舞台。我的研究具有开创性，专门针对艺术品交易商(而不是艺术家)，并扩大了流亡研究--主要集中在讲德语的移民S身上--将东欧国家的重要人物包括在内。这项急需而及时的研究与当前的学术和博物馆学野心交织在一起，目的是发现支持著名和不太知名的艺术家以及流亡和流亡研究的网络和基础设施，并对当代理解移民S对英国文化的贡献具有特别重要的意义。如果没有如此严格的学术调查，我们不可能知道，如果没有埃里卡·布劳森的大力支持，弗朗西斯·培根是否会成名；如果没有罗兰、布罗斯和德尔班科的展览，约瑟夫·赫尔曼今天就会出名；或者，如果没有安德拉斯·卡尔曼的友谊，L.S.劳瑞的棍状人物场景是否能被广泛的观众认出。通过对本·乌里博物馆和英国、德国和奥地利的其他藏品的档案和收藏材料的分析，这项创新的研究将确定移民艺术品交易商的具体贡献，包括关键的男性和女性人物，如古斯塔夫·德尔班科和亨利·罗兰、哈里·费舍尔和弗兰克·劳埃德、杰克·比尔博、卡尔曼、赫伯特·比尔、威廉·奥利、阿尔弗雷德·弗莱切特海姆、吉佩尔兄弟，以及布劳森、安妮莉·朱达、莉亚·邦迪·贾伊、哈利玛·纳尔茨和莫妮卡·金利。成果将是一篇书面论文，一个在线口述历史采访资源，强调“无形”历史在档案和学术研究中的价值，以及一个展览，重点是面向不同公众观众的移民艺术品交易商对现代英国艺术家职业生涯的贡献。

Art dealers who escaped Nazism to settle in the UK from 1933-1938 are conspicuous by their relative absence in the existing histories of modern art in Britain and exile studies. Appearing sporadically in artist's narratives and gallery histories, they take centre stage only in their own writings and memoirs. My research breaks new ground by focusing specifically on art dealers (rather than artists) and expands exile studies - predominantly focused on German-speakers émigrés - to include significant figures from eastern European countries. This much needed and timely research intersects with current academic and museological ambitions to uncover networks and infrastructures that have supported famous and lesser-known artists and exile and diasporic studies, and has particular significance for contemporary understanding of the contribution of émigrés to British culture.Without such rigorous academic enquiry it is impossible to know, for example, whether Francis Bacon would have risen to fame without Erica Brausen's unstinting support; if Josef Herman would be known today without Roland, Browse & Delbanco's exhibitions; or if L.S. Lowry's stick figure scenes would be recognisable to wide audiences without Andras Kalman's friendship.Through analysis of archival and collection materials at the Ben Uri and other holdings in the UK, Germany and Austria, this innovative study will establish the specific contribution of émigré art dealers, including key male and female figures such as Gustav Delbanco and Henry Roland, Harry Fisher and Frank Lloyd, Jack Bilbo, Kalman, Herbert Bier, William Ohly, Alfred Flechtheim, the Gimpel brothers, and Brausen, Annely Juda, Lea Bondi Jaray, Halima Nalecz and Monika Kinley. Outcomes will be a written thesis, an online resource of oral history interviews highlighting the value of "intangible" history in archival and academic study, and an exhibition focusing on émigré art dealers contribution to modern British artists' careers for diverse public audiences.