Facilitating a Natural Capital Approach in Marine Protected Area Governance in the UK

海洋保护区的指定和管理在过去十年中在英国取得了显着进展。针对欧盟、英国和权力下放的一系列驱动因素，在近岸和近海环境海洋生物多样性的空间保护方面取得了相当大的进展。英国各司法管辖区开展了一系列政策进程，其监管驱动因素和管理方法各不相同。在许多情况下，新的指定受到沿海社区和工业部门的质疑，因为它们侵犯了现有的使用权。所出现的是一个复杂的空间名称马赛克，它们在空间上相互作用和重叠，有着多重目标和共同挑战。除了这些复杂的安排之外，还有一些新兴的改革和驱动因素（英国脱欧;英国25年环境战略;苏格兰环境战略），这些改革和驱动因素将在不久的将来塑造MPA治理。这包括英国脱欧后的网络管理;在“蓝色经济”背景下增加压力;制定有效的管理，监督和执行机制，并促进自然资本和“全系统”方法进入MPA治理。有一个多学科培训的毕业生谁可以跨不同部门和利益的工作，以最大限度地提高海洋保护区的社会和生态潜力的实质性需求。这项研究将探讨一系列的综合治理面临的挑战，在英国大西洋地区的海洋保护区。将从苏格兰西部、北方爱尔兰、英格兰西北部和威尔士选择跨司法管辖区、重叠和区域共址的案件。它将审查社会，经济，地理和政策环境和驱动因素在MPA治理在近岸和离岸的背景下。它将探讨目前面临的挑战，跨界和地理上封闭的MPA治理和阐明改进的治理模式，纳入生态系统的方法。该项目将包括在英国政府机构JNCC（联合自然保护委员会）的安置;科学政策参与和整合的正式培训;利益相关者参与实践和政策分析的培训。该博士将被安置在新成立的绿色经济研究中心（https：//www.abdn.ac.uk/geosciences/gerc）在阿伯丁，汇集了多学科的专业知识，探索和促进绿色过渡在各种部门设置，也将花费大量的时间在皇后大学贝尔法斯特培训社会和非市场估值技术。具体而言，本研究将探讨以下研究问题：1。从法定机构和主要利益相关者社区的角度来看，成功的MPA治理有哪些特点？它们在不同的司法管辖区和部门之间是否一致？2.如何将自然资本和生态系统服务概念应用于MPA的设计和管理？3.如何评价、监测和管理各个地点提供的生态系统服务？它们如何随着时间的推移而变化，以应对多重压力和社会需求？4.围绕自然资本和生态系统服务的证据和叙述如何影响不同利益集团的立场和参与？

Marine Protected Area designation and management has significantly advanced over the past decade in the UK. In response to a range of EU, UK and devolved drivers, considerable progress has been made over the spatial protection of marine biodiversity in the inshore and offshore environment. A number of policy processes have unfolded across UK jurisdictions with differing regulatory drivers and management approaches. In many cases emerging designations have been contested by coastal communities and industry sectors as they infringe on existing use rights. What has emerged is a complex mosaic of spatial designations that interact and overlap in space, share multiple objectives and common challenges. Add to these complex arrangements a number of emerging reforms and drivers (Brexit; UK 25 year Environmental Strategy; Scottish Environmental Strategy) that will shape MPA governance into the near future. This includes post-Brexit management of the network; increasing pressures in context of the 'Blue Economy'; developing efficient management, monitoring and enforcement mechanisms and facilitating natural capital and 'whole system' approaches into MPA governance. There is a substantial need for multidisciplinary trained graduates who can work across different sectors and interests to maximise the social and ecological potential of marine protexted areas. This study will examine a range of integrated governance challenges that face MPAs in the Atlantic UK region. Cross jurisdictional, overlapping and regionally co-located cases will be selected from West Scotland, Northern Ireland, NW England and Wales. It will examine the social, economic, geographical and policy settings and drivers in MPA governance in both the inshore and offshore context. It will explore the current challenges facing cross border and geographically entwined MPA governance and articulate improved governance modalities that incorporate an ecosystem approach. The project will include a placement within a UK government agency JNCC (Joint Nature Conservation Comittee); formal training in science-policy engagement and integraiton; training in stakeholder engagement practices and policy analysis. The PhD will be housed within the newly created Green Economy Research Centre (https://www.abdn.ac.uk/geosciences/gerc) in Aberdeen that brings together multidisiplinary expertise to explore and facilitate green transitions in a variety of sectoral settings and will also spend significant time at Queens University Belfast training in social and non-market valuation techniques. Specifically the study will explore the following research questions: 1. What are the features of successful MPA governance from the perspective of statutory bodies and key stakeholder communities? Are they consistent across jurisdictions and sectors?2. How can natural capital and ecosystem service concepts be can applied to MPA designation and management? 3. How can ecosystem services provided by individual sites be evaluated, monitored and managed? How do they change over time in response to multiple pressures and societal demands? 4. How can evidence and the narrative around Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services influence the positions and engagement of different interest groups?