Search for lepton non-universality in semileptonic charm decays and monitoring of the VELO

味道物理学是粒子物理学的一个分支，它利用精确测试来识别与粒子物理学标准模型的差异，从而揭示标准模型之外的物理学。其中一个领域是对轻子普适性等基本原理的检验，该原理指出，与轻子的耦合强度应该相等，而与它们的味道无关。最近对含有底夸克的粒子的研究提示了这一领域的进一步研究。该项目的目标是根据大型强子对撞机LHCb实验获得的数据，对含有粲夸克的粒子进行轻子普适性的首次高精度研究。其中一个关键的挑战是对结果的理论解释，这可以通过对包含底夸克和魅夸克的粒子进行额外的控制测量来改进。这将通过两个目标来解决：-在粲粒子衰变中检验轻子的普适性-比较粲粒子衰变和底粲粒子衰变的衰变性质这些目标形成了无与伦比的大数据挑战，因为粲衰变数据样本是有史以来用于此类分析的最大样本。这需要仔细研究探测器的性能和有效利用模拟数据。此外，学生将接受最先进的硅探测器系统的操作和分析培训。该探测器的操作涉及大量照射，这会改变探测器的性能。对整个实验来说，密切监测和充分理解这一点至关重要。因此，该项目包含第三个目标：-开发和启用数据质量监测系统，以研究探测器性能和辐射损害的影响，总的来说，该项目旨在提供广泛的技能教学，其中包括碰撞数据和探测器性能的数据密集型分析，以及在大型国际合作中和在讲习班和会议上与国际专家的各种交流技能。

Flavour physics is a branch of particle physics that exploits precision tests to identify discrepancies with the Standard Model of particle physics and thereby to shed light on physics beyond the Standard Model. One such area are tests of fundamental principles such as lepton universality, which states that couplings to leptons should be of equal strength independent of their flavour. Recent hints from studies of particles containing bottom quarks motivate further research in this area. The project aim is to undertake first high-precision studies of lepton universality with particles containing charm quarks based on data taken by the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. One of the key challenges is the theoretical interpretation of the results, which can be improved by additional control measurements with particles containing both bottom and charm quarks. This will be addressed with two objectives:- Test of lepton universality in charm particle decays- Comparison of decay properties of charm particle decays and bottom-charm particle decaysThese objectives form an unparalleled Big Data challenge as the charm decay data samples are the largest to have ever been used in such an analysis. This requires careful studies of the detector performance and efficient use of simulated data.In addition, the student will be trained in the operation and analysis of a state-of-the-art silicon detector system. The operation of this detector involves a large amount of irradiation, which changes the detector performance. It is vital to the whole experiment that this is monitored closely and fully understood. Therefore, the project contains a third objective:- Development and commissioning of a data quality monitoring system to study the detector performance and impact of radiation damage.Overall, this project aim to deliver a broad spectrum of teaching of skills, which include data intensive analyses of collision data and detector performance, but also a variety of communication skills both within large international collaborations and with international experts at workshops and conferences.