HIV in Young Adulthood: Pathways and Prevention

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将以下两个关键领域联系起来： 预防青少年艾滋病毒感染的重要性：危险性行为 和物质使用，包括从基础和应用的角度来看 科学这两种方法之间的积极合作是罕见的，尽管 两者都认为青少年的问题行为是高度相关的; 他们有共同的风险和保护因素;他们可以 由于一般针对这些因素的预防努力而减少。然而，尽管如此， 大多数艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防项目的长期效果并不好 也没有确定的共同病因学证据 危险性行为和物质的潜在共变问题行为 虐待这种失败源于理论驱动和基于研究的 预防方案是由于理论模型的复杂性， 解决这些行为领域和经验数据的局限性 以前可用的。前两波全国数据 青少年健康纵向研究（Add Health）现已推出， 提供纵向数据后，一个大的全国代表性的样本， 青少年;少数民族和服务不足的青少年的过度抽样;以及 个人、家庭、同伴、学校和社区的多方面措施 程度.在即将到来的第111波中，艾滋病毒和 其他性传播感染也将提供。拟议 这项研究是具有青少年专业知识的基础科学家之间的合作 性和预防科学家，具有评估 青少年药物滥用预防计划。一个主要目标是了解 吸毒和危险性行为模式的根本原因和后果 在确定的青少年群体中进行预防性干预， 可以制定战略，并适当确定目标。具体研究目标 主要有：1）描述性和药物的横截面和纵向模式 在青春期使用行为，这种行为在年轻时的持续性 成年，以及与这些模式有关的艾滋病毒感染率; 2)识别可以预测以下模式的个人和背景因素： 从青春期到青年期的性活动和吸毒行为;以及 3)制定有关预防艾滋病毒和吸毒的建议 风险行为，该研究将使用多层次分析， 个人和背景因素来预测每个横截面的行为 时间点，并从青春期到年轻时纵向评估行为 成年

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study links two key areas of importance to the prevention of adolescent HIV infection: risky sexual behavior and substance use, incorporating perspectives from both basic and applied science. Active collaborations between these two approaches are rare, although both share assumptions that adolescent problem behaviors are highly correlated; that they share common risk and protective factors; and that they can be reduced by prevention efforts generically aimed at these factors. Nevertheless, long-term effectiveness for most HIV/AIDS prevention programs has not been well established nor have there been conclusive demonstrations of a common etiology underlying covarying problem behaviors of risky sexual activity and substance abuse. This failure to derive theoretically driven and research-based prevention programs is due to the complex nature of theoretical models that address these behavioral domains and to limitations of empirical data previously available. Data from the first two waves of The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) are now available and offer longitudinal data following a large nationally representative sample of adolescents; oversamples of minority and under-served adolescents; and multi-faceted measures at the individual, family, peer, school, and community levels. In the upcoming Wave 111, the results of biological tests for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections will also be available. The proposed study is a collaboration between basic scientists with expertise in adolescent sexuality and prevention scientists with expertise in evaluation of applied adolescent substance abuse prevention programs. A major goal is to understand underlying causes and consequences of patterns of drug use and risky sexual behavior among identified groups of adolescents so that preventive intervention strategies can be developed and appropriately targeted. Specific study aims are: 1) to describe cross-sectional and longitudinal patterns of sex and drug use behavior in adolescence, the persistence of such behavior in young adulthood, and the prevalence of HIV infection in relation to these patterns; 2) to identify individual and contextual factors that can predict patterns of sexual activity and drug use behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood; and 3) to develop recommendations pertaining to the prevention of HIV and drug use risk behavior, The study will use multilevel analyses that incorporate individual and contextual factors to predict behaviors at each cross-sectional time point and to assess behavior longitudinally from adolescence to young adulthood.