Predictors of Adolescent Girls Physical Activity

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的主要目的是评估儿童期和青春期早期的家庭和同伴支持，作为13至15岁女孩身体活动的预测因素。研究一直表明，青少年时期的身体活动水平下降，青春期女孩的活动水平低的风险特别大。低水平的体力活动会使青少年面临肥胖及其相关健康并发症的风险。然而，很少有研究探讨促进青少年实现和维持推荐的体育活动水平的因素。这项拟议的研究增加了一项已有的10年纵向研究，研究对象为约197名5至15岁的女孩及其父母（NIH HD 32973）。到目前为止，每两年收集一次女孩及其父母的三波数据（即，女孩5岁、7岁和9岁时的数据），目前正在收集11岁时的数据。由主要研究者设计的评估父母和同龄人对体育活动影响的问卷被纳入了从女孩9岁开始的纵向项目。作为拟议研究的一部分，将在13岁和15岁女孩的现有纵向项目中增加对女孩身体活动的客观7天评估（使用加速计）。根据对身体活动的客观评估，13岁和15岁的女孩如果符合每天60分钟适度活动的建议，将被归类为保持者。在一个或两个年龄段都没有达到建议的女孩将被归类为非抚养者。利用这一分类和现有的纵向研究数据，本研究的具体目标如下：（1）描述身体活动的差异（自我报告），身体健康和体重状况在5至13岁的维护者和非维护者;（2）评估儿童期和青少年早期的家庭和同伴支持作为成为维护者可能性的预测因素;（3）探讨体重状况、对女性参与体育活动的态度、活动的乐趣、对体育活动能力的感知等因素对家庭和同伴支持与女孩体育活动之间关系的调节作用。这些信息对于设计有效的预防计划，促进青少年时期身体活动的建议水平至关重要。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary objective of the proposed study is to assess familial and peer support during childhood and early adolescence as predictors of girls' physical activity across ages 13 to 15 years. Research has consistently shown that levels of physical activity decline during adolescence and that adolescent girls are at particular risk of low levels of activity. Low levels of physical activity can place adolescents at risk for obesity and its associated health comorbidities. Little research, however, has examined factors that foster the achievement and maintenance of recommended levels of physical activity among adolescents. The proposed study adds on to a pre-existing 10-year longitudinal study of approximately 197 girls, examined across ages 5 to 15 years, and their parents (NIH HD 32973). To date, three waves of data have been collected at two year intervals for girls and their parents (i.e., when girls were 5, 7, and 9 years old) and data collection at age 11 is currently in progress. Questionnaires assessing parent and peer influence on physical activity, designed by the principal investigator, were included in the longitudinal project starting when girls were 9 years old. As part of the proposed study, an objective 7-day assessment of girls' physical activity (using accelerometers) will be added to the existing longitudinal project when girls are 13 and 15 years old. Based on the objective assessment of physical activity, girls who meet recommendations of 60 minutes of moderate activity a day at ages 13 AND 15 will be classified as maintainers. Girls who fail to meet recommendations at one or both ages will be classified as non-maintainers. Using this categorization and the currently existing data in the longitudinal study, the specific goals of the proposed study as follows: (1) To describe differences in physical activity (self-reported), physical fitness, and weight status across ages 5 to 13 years for maintainers and non-maintainer; (2) To assess familial and peer support during childhood and early adolescence as predictors of the likelihood of being a maintainer; and (3) To examine weight status, attitudes toward women in sport, enjoyment of activity, and perceived competence in physical activity as moderators of the relationship between familial and peer support and girls' physical activity. Such information is essential to designing effective prevention programs that promote recommended levels of physical activity during adolescence.