Atmospheric turbulence profiling in the day and strong turbulence conditions

随着天文仪器变得越来越复杂，它们很快就达到了这样一个地步，即地球大气层中的湍流扭曲了来自遥远星系、恒星、行星甚至我们太阳的光，从而限制了科学价值。为了纠正这些有害影响，我们必须了解大气的动态，并开发新的缓解系统。在原始的山顶观测站，这是现在使用专用湍流廓线仪器的常见做法。然而，在其他观测站在不太有利的位置或在白天，大气湍流可以相当强。传统的湍流监测仪器和校正系统在这些困难的条件下无法工作。这一方案的目的是加深了解和发展仪器，以便在不利条件下探测地球大气湍流。

As astronomical instruments become more sophisticated they rapidly reach the point where the scientific value is limited by the turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere distorting the light from distant galaxies, stars, planets and even our sun. In order to correct for these detrimental effects we must understand the dynamics of the atmosphere and to develop novel mitigation systems. In pristine, mountain top, observatories this is now common practise using dedicated turbulence profile instrumentation. However, at other observatories in less favourable locations or during the daytime, the atmospheric turbulence can be considerably stronger. Conventional turbulence monitoring instrumentation and correction systems do not work in these difficult conditions. The purpose of this programme is to develop the understanding and instrumentation in order to characterise the Earth's atmospheric turbulence in non-favourable conditions.