An Exploration of Hypothetical Perspectives and Scenarios in Contemporary Booker Prize-winning Fiction.

当代布克奖获奖小说中假设性视角和场景的再现研究假设是人类经验和认知的组成部分。我们倾向于推测他人的心理状态，预测事件可能或可能已经发生，并考虑替代现实。事实上，所有的虚构文学都是一种特殊的假设：一种想象的文本“如果......？"的场景。因此，在虚构叙事中发现的任何假设都是直接递归的，就像假设中的假设一样。它也必然反映了基本的认知过程。首先，这发生在两个相互关联的方式：通过使用假设的聚焦，和/或通过提示假设的文本世界。这两种现象都将在过去20年的布克奖获奖者身上得到探索。该奖项被广泛认为是英国最负盛名的文学奖，旨在奖励用英语出版的“最优秀的小说”。获奖者不仅可以期待评论界的赞誉，还可以期待商业上的成功和公众意识的提高（正如去年获奖作品之一Bernardine Evaristo的《女孩，女人，其他》所证明的那样）。因此，对这些总是备受赞誉的作品进行的任何研究都是高度热门的，将有助于我们对当今我国文学和更广泛文化的理解。我将运用多种文体学技巧来研究布克奖获奖小说中文本假设的具体出现。我会问1假设的观点是如何在当代小说中语言上构建和维持的？2.在小说中使用假设的目的是什么，这与它的现实生活功能有什么关系？3.作者如何使用假设结构作为读者操纵的叙述技巧？

An Investigation into the Representation of Hypothetical Perspectives and Scenarios in Contemporary Booker Prize-winning Fiction.Hypothesis is an integral part of human experience and cognition. We are prone to speculate about the mind states of others, to predict how events may or may have occurred, and to consider alternate realities. Indeed, all fictional literature is a special kind of hypothesis: an imaginary textual 'what if...?' scenario. Any hypothesising to be found within a fictional narrative is thus immediately recursive, as supposition within supposition. It is also undeniably reflective of fundamental cognitive processes. Primarily, this occurs in two, interconnecting, ways: through the use of hypothetical focalisation, and/or through the cuing up of hypothetical 'text worlds.' Both these phenomena will be explored in winners of the Booker Prize over the past twenty years. Widely acknowledged as Britain's most prestigious literary prize, it aims to reward the 'finest in fiction' published in the English language. Winners can expect not only critical acclaim, but also commercial success and increased popular awareness (as was testified by (one of) last year's winning entries, Girl, Woman, Other, by Bernardine Evaristo). Any research conducted into these invariably much lauded works is thus highly topical, and will contribute to our understanding of the literary, and wider, culture in our country today. I will employ a variety of stylistic techniques to investigate specific occurrences of textual hypothesis in Booker Prize-winning fictions. I will ask 1 How are hypothetical perspectives linguistically constructed and maintained in contemporary fiction? 2 What is/are the purpose(s) of the use of hypothesis in fiction, and how does this correlate with its real-life function(s)? 3 How are hypothetical constructions employed by authors as narratorial techniques for readerly manipulation?