Virtual Sex: Real Risk Reduction for MSM

描述（由申请人提供）：随着第二波性冒险（即，在男男性行为者（CDC，1999 a，1999 b）中，特别是那些年轻人（18-30岁）和有色人种的男性，很明显，需要新的艾滋病毒预防方法-建立在过去的艾滋病毒预防和说服研究的基础上。新兴技术，如DVD上的交互式视频（IAV），以一种时髦的方式提供，可能会获得或重新获得男男性接触者的注意，他们已经放弃了更传统的公益广告、小册子和干预措施。我们团队的新纵向实验研究（Read等人，2002）证明了暴露于IAV（有白色演员）的白色男性结合了行为改变元素（例如，自我效能、技能、行为意向）显示出比单独接受咨询的白色男性更高的安全性行为率。在本研究中，通过一系列访谈、试点研究和一项大型实验性纵向研究，我们力求实现以下目标：（1）复制并将早期的工作扩展到另外两个MSM人群（非洲裔美国人和拉丁美洲人），并制定一个模板，为目标受众制定有效的艾滋病毒预防IAV，根据用户的具体选择量身定制，以最大限度地预防艾滋病毒。这样的模板可以提供有效的行为干预的快速技术转移到个人和诊所，地方，国家和全球，（2）通过比较单独的IAV与无咨询对照，单独的HIV预防咨询，以及咨询加IAV，评估IAV在增加安全套使用中的作用，（3）评估IAV是否因其交互性（对用户的反馈和选择）而有效降低HIV风险。我们将通过将上面2中的条件与“轭合”条件进行比较来操纵交互性，在“轭合”条件中，参与者被动地接收交互条件中的参与者的视频流。(4)评估随着时间的推移，介导和缓和IAV对避孕套使用变化的影响的心理因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With a second wave of sexual risk taking (i.e., unprotected anal sex) among MSM (CDC, 1999a, 1999b), especially those who are young (18-30) and men of color, it is clear that new approaches to HIV prevention--that build on past HIV prevention and persuasion research--are needed. Emerging technologies, such as interactive video (IAV) on DVD, delivered in a hip' manner may gain or recapture the attention of MSM who have tuned out more traditional PSAs, brochures, and interventions. New longitudinal experimental research by our team (Read et al., 2002) demonstrates that white men exposed to an IAV (with white actors) that incorporated behavior change elements (e.g., self-efficacy, skills, behavioral intention) showed dramatically higher rates of safer sex behavior than white men given counseling alone. In the current research, through a series of interviews, pilot studies, and one large experimental longitudinal study, we seek to achieve the following goals: (1) Replicate and extend that earlier work to two additional populations of MSM (African Americans and Latinos) and develop a template for the development of effective HIV prevention IAV for targeted audiences, tailored to the specific choices of the user to maximize HIV prevention efforts. Such a template could afford rapid technology transfer of effective behavioral interventions to individuals and clinics, locally, nationally, and globally, (2) assess the role of IAV in increasing condom use by comparing IAV alone to a no counseling control, to HIV prevention counseling alone, and to counseling plus IAV, (3) assess whether IAV is effective in reducing HIV risk because of its interactivity (feedback to and choice for the user). We will manipulate interactivity by comparing the conditions in 2 above to a "yoked" condition in which participants passively receive the video stream of a participant in the interactive condition. (4) Assess the psychological factors that mediate and moderate the impact of the IAV on changes in condom use over time.