Gas Turbine Stator-Well Flow and Heat Transfer.

燃气轮机是内燃机的一种常见形式，根据应用情况，用于产生电能或推力。这些机器由压缩机、燃烧器和涡轮机组成，这些涡轮机从高温高压空气中提取能量来发电。涡轮区的内部部件由安装在盘片上的多级固定和旋转叶片组成，这些叶片的设计能够承受通过主流的气体施加的极端温度和力。为了最大限度地延长燃气轮机的使用寿命，必须仔细预测阀瓣表面的热传递，以减少磨损和防止故障，而检修和维护成本是发动机供应商的一项重大成本。因此，对涡轮机内部流动条件和温度的详细了解对做出这些预测至关重要，有助于确定涡轮机设计的改进，以延长其运行寿命。涡轮机内流体流动的一个方面是旋转(转子)和固定(定子)叶片组之间产生的空腔之间的相互作用，即所谓的“定子井”。这些空腔具有较小的间隙，这限制了在这些间隙内排出热空气和注入冷却空气的能力，从而导致向阀瓣表面的高传热率。这些区域流体动力学的复杂性限制了计算方法所能解决的细节水平，而流动特性如摄取、再摄取、吹扫和泄漏都导致了关于腔内相互作用的进一步问题。本研究的目的是使用耦合共轭传热(CHT)/计算流体动力学(CFD)求解器来了解涡轮定子井内发生的基本流体动力学和换热特性。该软件将被开发以形成测试用例的理论模型，然后使用实验数据给出的边界进行求解。在应用于涡轮定子井问题之前，将使用来自内部压缩机空腔试验台的现有实验数据进行验证。

Gas turbines are a common form of combustion engine, used to either generate electrical energy or thrust depending on the application. These machines are comprised of a compressor, combustor, and turbine which act to extract energy from high temperature and high-pressure air to generate power. The internals of the turbine region consist of many stages of fixed and rotating blades attached to discs, which are designed to withstand the extreme temperatures and forces applied from the gas that passes through the mainstream. In order to maximise the service life of a gas turbine, the heat transfer to the disc surfaces must be carefully predicted to reduce wear and prevent failure, with overhaul and maintenance costs being a significant cost to the engine supplier. Detailed knowledge of the flow conditions and temperatures within the turbine is therefore vital in making these predictions, helping to identify improvements to the turbine design to extend its operational life. One aspect of the fluid flow within the turbine is the interactions between the cavities created between the rotating (rotor) and fixed (stator) blade sets, known as "stator wells". These cavities have small clearances, which limits the ability to vent hot air and inject cooling air within these gaps, resulting in high rates of heat transfer to the disc surfaces. The complexity of the fluid dynamics in these regions has limited the level of detail computational methods have been able to resolve, with flow characteristics such as ingestion, re-ingestion, purge and leakage all leading to further questions on the interactions within the cavities.The aim of this research is to use a coupled conjugate heat transfer (CHT)/computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver to understand the fundamental fluid dynamics and heat transfer characteristics occurring within the turbine stator wells. This software will be developed to form a theoretical model of the test cases and then solved using the boundaries given from experimental data. Validation will be performed using existing experimental data from the in-house compressor cavity rig before being applied to turbine stator well problem.