Agency and Identity in the Urban Built Environment in the Histories and Heritage of Minority Religious Communities: How access to changing urban space

本研究旨在探讨犹太社区的体验、身份和归属感是如何受到建筑环境的影响并与其相互作用的。这将包括对已经开展的犹太社区城市建筑环境研究的分析，包括活跃的和“已消亡的”，以及其他关于其他少数民族信仰、文化和社区的跨学科文化研究。我还将分析少数民族遗产在遗产互动的“传统”场所（如博物馆）中的当前表现，更具体地说，回顾犹太遗产是如何以及哪些方面被呈现的。这将包括围绕历史与遗产的讨论——过去的叙述与由于历史叙述而赋予实践、物体或地点的价值——以及这些如何适应犹太社区的经历。上述研究将成为我二次研究的基础，而我的主要研究将集中在与犹太社区本身的接触上。虽然有关于犹太遗产的建筑和遗址的研究，沙曼·卡迪什的《英国和爱尔兰的犹太遗产：建筑指南》是最引人注目的，但迄今为止，许多研究更多地集中在统计和定量分析上，而不是定性数据（卡迪什2015）。当然也有例外，比如Historic England关于英国犹太人墓地的报告以及保护它们所面临的挑战，但对犹太社区空间与遗产之间关系的定性分析却很少（Barker Langham, 2015）。为了弥补这一知识差距，我建议使用民族志方法收集数据，正如巴克·朗廷咨询报告和其他少数民族文化和身份领域的研究中所使用的那样。这些措施包括进行访谈、问卷调查以及观察和参与社区活动，以了解他们对空间的获取和使用如何影响他们对遗产的看法，并与他们的身份相关。我将看看这些发现是否反映了在这个领域已经完成的工作，以及目前在更广泛的遗产相互作用中对犹太遗产的呈现。我希望与犹太社区接触，这些社区既代表了全国各地的地理分布，也代表了不同规模的社区和不同教派。这不仅可以比较作为大社区的一部分是否会对身份产生影响，而且还可以比较不同的神学立场是否会增强或削弱这些联系。希望这项研究能够更好地理解犹太社区与他们的遗产的相互作用，并更深入地理解他们作为现代英国犹太人的地方感、身份和归属感。除此之外，我希望它能够为犹太社区和遗产专业人士提供未来遗产管理计划的建议，以展示英国犹太社区的多样性。引用作品：Barker Langham。(2015)。犹太人墓地：理解价值观。为历史悠久的英格兰编写的报告。(在线)。可在https://research.historicengland.org.uk/Report.aspx?i=1579获得。[2020年10月9日获取]。Kadish。美国(2015)。英国的犹太遗产：建筑指南。史温顿：英国遗产。

This research proposes to look at how the experience, identity and sense of belonging for Jewish communities are affected by and interact with their built environment. This will include an analysis of the research already undertaken into the urban built environment of Jewish communities, both active and 'defunct', alongside other interdisciplinary cultural studies concerning other minority faiths, cultures and communities. I will also analyse the current representation of minority heritage in 'traditional' sites of heritage interaction, such as museums, and, more specifically, review how and which aspects of Jewish heritage are presented. This will include looking at discussions surrounding history versus heritage - the narrative of the past versus the values placed on practices, objects or places because of an historical narrative - and how these fit into Jewish communities' experiences. The above research would form the basis of my secondary research, whilst my primary research will focus on engagement with Jewish communities themselves. Whilst there have been studies into architectural buildings and sites of Jewish heritage, Sharman Kadish's Jewish Heritage in Britain and Ireland: An Architectural Guide being the most notable, many of the studies so far have concentrated more on statistical and quantitative analysis over qualitative data (Kadish 2015). There are exceptions, such as the report by Historic England on British Jewish Cemeteries and the challenges around preserving them, but very little qualitative analysis on the relationship between space and heritage for Jewish communities has been undertaken (Barker Langham, 2015). In order to contribute to this gap in knowledge, I propose to use ethnographical methods of data collection, as utilised in the Barker Langham consultation report and other studies in the field of minority cultures and identity. These include conducting interviews, questionnaires and observing and engaging with communities to understand how their access to, and use of, space impacts their ideas of heritage and relates to on their identity. I will look to see if these findings reflect either the work that has already been done in this area and the current presentation of Jewish heritage in wider heritage interactions. I hope to engage with Jewish communities that represent both a geographical spread across the country, differing sizes of communities and different denominations. This would not only allow a comparison in terms of whether being a part of large community impacts on identity but also whether different theological standpoints enhances or diminishes these connections. It is hoped that this research will create a better understanding of the Jewish communities' interaction with their heritage and lead to a deeper understanding of their sense of place, identity, belonging as modern British Jews. Alongside this I hope that it will be able to provide suggestions for future heritage management plans for both Jewish communities and heritage professionals to showcase the diversity of the British Jewish community. Works cited:Barker Langham. (2015). Jewish Burial Grounds: Understanding Values. Report Undertaken for Historic England. [Online]. Available at https://research.historicengland.org.uk/Report.aspx?i=1579. [Accessed 9th October 2020]. Kadish. S. (2015). Jewish heritage in England: An architectural guide. Swindon: English Heritage.