Franciscan Thought, Evangelization and Empire in the Sixteenth Century: the Writings of John Mair (1467-1550), Alfonso de Castro (1495-1558), Juan Foc

在16世纪，方济各会强有力地塑造了欧洲人对非欧洲人的态度。在方济各会士中，苏格兰神学家约翰·梅尔在巴黎教书时阐述了欧洲对政治和福音传播的假设，学生们将他的想法置于西班牙扩张的核心。除了迈尔，我的项目还探讨了两个人物：宫廷传教士阿方索·德·卡斯特罗和他的《论惩罚》（De iusta haereticorum punitione，1547年出版），以及传教士胡安·福歇尔和他的《旅行指南》（Itinerarium ad injuries covertendos，1574年出版）。这些人物影响了宫廷和使命领域，阐明了近代早期欧洲帝国计划的政治、文化、宗教和知识基础。

In the sixteenth century the Franciscan order powerfully structured European attitudes to non-Europeans. AmongFranciscans, Scottish theologian John Mair elaborated European assumptions about politics and evangelization whileteaching in Paris, among students who set his ideas at the heart of Spanish expansion. Alongside Mair, my projectexplores two figures: the court preacher Alfonso De Castro and his De iusta haereticorum punitione (Salamanca 1547),and the missionary Juan Focher and his Itinerarium ad infideles covertendos (Sevilla 1574). These figures influencedcourt and mission field illuminating the political, cultural, religious and intellectual underpinnings of imperial projects inearly modern Europe.