Improving Maritime Operation Safety by Optimising the Relationship Between Automation Systems and Human Interaction

这项博士研究项目的目的是制定一种方法，使今天的海员能够得到充分的培训，并能够应付航运中日益增加的自主权。此外，为未来的海员提供所需的态势感知能力，以确保他们不会严重依赖自主系统的操作参数。该项目的主要目标是：*调查和设计海员培训变化的解决方案，并修改船上自主系统的操作程序。为达致预期目标，次要目标如下：*识别及建立有待改进的地方，并为各自的自主系统设计、建立及测试可能的解决方案。*评估和分析目前安装在船上的自主航运系统，目的是发现故障和海员可能对系统的依赖*分析当前海上船舶上发现的自主系统*通过文献回顾，了解当前船上自动化系统的复杂性和相关问题*分析多个用户界面和系统设计*进行解决方案的测试阶段。*采访和测试有意愿的海员，以评估他们在使用自主系统时的行为研究问题随着所有研究和技术进步都指向自主系统被引入海运业，这将提出以下问题：*自主航运系统的引入将对现有海员产生什么影响，海员如何能够适应自己以使海运业受益？*此外，由于未来海员对机器的依赖，自主航运系统的引入将如何影响并可能使他们的态势感知变得不敏感？对于测试，我计划检查测试对象和他们对机器的信任。测试将在不同的测试条件下进行,实验的目的是引发信任机器的测试,自己judgementThe初步测试将分为4种不同情况以下变量将更名为分析测试对象的响应在不同天气和海洋条件:*能见度*海况*降雨SimulationAll *风速*其他船只的测试将在不同的时间段进行在模拟的一天里。测试的目的是评估测试对象对机械故障的反应，并分析不同的天气和白天时间是否会对测试对象产生影响。设置了场景后，每个条件将具有一个或多个故障，这些故障将在不同的时间段发生，可能会或可能不会有同步的报警声音来提醒测试对象，并且可能是不同的机器故障。通过使用一个或多个故障，就可以分析测试对象的响应时间以及他们对机器的个人依赖和信任。为了分散测试对象的注意力，将分发一份问卷，该问卷将占用大部分实验时间来完成，从而重复类似的桥梁值班工作，该工作将在值班时完成。

The aim of this doctoral research project will be to produce a method which will allow the seafarers of today to be sufficiently trained and able to cope with the increasing levels of autonomy in shipping. In addition, to equip the seafarers of tomorrow with the situational awareness required to ensure that they do not become heavily reliant on the operating parameters of autonomous systems.ObjectivesFor the project the primary objective is to:* Investigate and design a solution for changes in seafarer training and revising the operational procedures of the autonomous systems onboard.To achieve the desired goal, the list of secondary objectives are as follows:* Recognise and establish areas for improvement, and design, build and test potential solutions for respective autonomous systems.* assess and analyse current autonomous shipping systems currently installed on vessels, with the intention to find faults and dependencies seafarers may have with the system* Analyse autonomous systems found onboard current sea going vessels* By use of literature review, understand complexities and issues associated with current on-board automated systems* Analyse multiple user interfaces and system design* Undertake testing phase of the solution by either, simulation or physical system creation* Interviewing and testing willing seafarers to assess their actions when using autonomous systemsResearch QuestionWith all research and technological advancements pointing towards autonomous systems being introduced to the maritime industry, this then will pose the questions of:* What impact will the introduction of autonomous shipping systems have on current seafarers and how will seafarers be able to adapt themselves to benefit the maritime industry?* Additionally, how will the introduction of autonomous shipping systems influence and potentially desensitise the situational awareness of future seafarers, due to their reliance on machines?Project SummaryFor the testing I plan on examining the test subject and their trust in machinery. The test will be conducted under a variety of test conditions and the aim of the experiment will be to provoke the test subject to trusting the machine over their own judgementThe preliminary test will be separated into 4 different conditions where the following variables will be altered to analyse the test subjects response to varying weather and sea conditions:* Visibility* Sea State* Rainfall* Wind Speed* Other Ships in SimulationAll of the tests will be carried out at varying time periods throughout the simulated day. This will be conducted in a manner to assess the test subjects response to the machinery fault and to analyse if different weather and daylight hours affect the test subject in anyway.With the scenarios set, each of the conditions will feature one or multiple failures that will occur at varying time periods, which may or may not have a synchronised alarm sound to alert the test subject and be of different machine faults. By using one or a multitude of failures, it will then be possible to analyse the test subjects response times and their individual reliance and trust in the machine.To distract the test subject a questionnaire will be distributed, this questionnaire will take the majority of the experiment time to complete and thus replicate similar bridge watchkeeping work which is to be completed on watch.