Glycemic Index and Metabolic Syndrome

描述(由申请人提供) 肥胖症和2型等相关疾病患病率的增加 糖尿病(DM-2)和心血管疾病的发生 从日常饮食脂肪中摄取的能量百分比的下降 在过去的20年里。这一观察表明，饮食以外的因素 脂肪摄入量可能是观察到的肥胖率上升和 关联条件。一个这样的因素调节体重，也直接 影响与肥胖相关的发病率和死亡率的是饮食 血糖指数(GI)。在这项研究中，我们建议调查这种关联 饮食GI与长期健康结果的中介预测相关 与DM-2及其相关心血管疾病的增加有关。 在一项为期一年的减肥研究中，我们将比较两种限制的卡路里 提供基础能源需求的70%的干预措施 32名健康人的胃肠道指数(20%的肥胖和中等的胃肠道指数与35%的肥胖和低胃肠道指数) 年龄在30-40岁的男性和女性，体重指数(BMI)的初值为 25-34.9公斤/平方米。将进行以下单盲结果测量 在基线和1、4、8和12个月时：(A)身体成分(脂肪、脱脂 质量和躯干/总脂肪)将通过双x射线吸光度测定 (DXA)。(B)与DM-2有关的标志物：中心性肥胖(躯干/总脂肪) DXA和腰臀比，每日平均血糖由72小时连续血糖 监测系统(CGMS)、血红蛋白A1c、胰岛素敏感性和血清 肿瘤坏死因子-α水平。(C)与心血管疾病相关的标志物：收缩和舒张期血液 压力、血脂(总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白)、血浆 纤维蛋白原、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1、C-反应蛋白和血清白介素6水平。 我们预计这项研究将提供重要的新信息，将 对进一步的科学研究以及 临床应用。具体地说：确定一个可接受的 促进长期减肥的干预措施，并与 与肥胖和肥胖相关的发病率和死亡率下降 代谢综合征将是公共卫生的一个重要发展。在……里面 关于这一建议，饮食中的重要问题之一 成分-能量调节目前的研究是饮食是否 高纤维和低GI都比高纤维饮食更有益 在光纤中，不考虑GI。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The increase in the prevalence of obesity and related conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) and cardiovascular disease has taken place despite a decrease in the percentage of energy intake derived from daily dietary fat over the last 20 years. This observation suggests that factors other than dietary fat intake may be responsible for the observed increase in obesity and associated conditions. One such factor regulating weight and also directly influencing the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity is the dietary glycemic index (GI). In this study, we propose to investigate the association of dietary GI with intermediary predictors of long-term health outcomes related to DM-2 and its associated increased cardiovascular disease. In a 1-year weight loss study, we will compare two caloric restricted interventions providing 70 percent of baseline energy requirements of variable GI (20 percent fat and moderate GI vs. 35 percent fat and low GI) in 32 healthy men and women aged 30-40 years with initial values for body mass index (BMI) of 25-34.9 kg/m2. The following single-blinded outcome measurements will be made at baseline and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 months: (A) Body composition (fat, fat free mass and truncal/total fat) will be determined by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). (B) Markers related to DM-2: central adiposity (truncal/total fat) by DXA and by Waist-Hip-Ratio, daily glucose average by 72-hour Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS), Hemoglobin A1c, Insulin Sensitivity and serum TNF-alpha levels. (C) Markers related to CVD: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, LDL), plasma levels of fibrinogen, PAI-1, C-reactive Protein and serum Interleukin-6. We anticipate that this study will provide important new information that will have practical implications for both further scientific inquiry as well as clinical applications. Specifically: Identification of an acceptable intervention that promotes long-term weight loss and is associated with decrease in the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome will be an important development for public health. In relation to this suggestion, one of the important questions in dietary composition - energy regulation research currently is whether diets that are both high in fiber and low in GI are more beneficial that diets that are high in fiber without consideration of GI.