Florida Hurricanes & Older Adults: Outcome/Resiliency

描述（申请人提供）：我们建议评估（1）心理健康结果（包括：抑郁症、广泛性焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍、酗酒、恐慌），（2）与这些结果相关的保护性和风险因素，以及（3）1200名老年人的精神卫生服务利用模式和未满足的服务需求（60岁及以上）和居住在佛罗里达灾难现场的300名年轻人（21-59岁）的比较样本。 佛罗里达飓风提供了一个独特的机会，研究急性临床疾病的表型，风险和保护因素，包括遗传保护因素，以及随后的服务需求的一组老年人谁是不成比例地代表为灾难受害者相对于美国人口。具体而言，老年人居住在受飓风影响最严重的地区，其人口密度约为美国平均县的两倍。因此，有一大批受影响的老年人，而且比较容易接触（通过随机筛选住户，成功地确定了一名老年人答卷人）。 我们将采用随机数字拨号方法，在受飓风影响的佛罗里达地区快速收集随机数据样本。数据将以20或25分钟电话采访的形式收集，采访对象为佛罗里达州的1500名成年人，他们在飓风查理之前的主要居住地是该州。调查将包括认知和记忆状态、人口统计学、飓风暴露特征、一生和最近暴露于潜在创伤事件、资源损失、应对策略、急性反应和恐慌、情绪障碍表型和服务利用率的测量。除了访谈数据外，还将从1000名受访者的子集中收集唾液样本进行遗传分析，以根据先前的研究表明与特定基因型相关的创伤事件后的保护性和风险因素进行基因x环境相互作用分析。 该项目的总体目标是记录这些反复发生的灾害对老年人的严重影响，同时为发展和改善老年人服务提供科学信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to assess (1) mental health outcomes (including: depression, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, alcohol abuse, panic), (2) protective and risk factors associated with these outcomes, and (3) mental health service utilization patterns and unmet service needs in an over-sample of 1200 older adults (age 60 and over) and a comparison sample of 300 younger adults (age 21-59) residing in Florida disaster sites. The Florida Hurricanes present a unique opportunity to study the acute clinical disorder phenotypes, risk and protective factors, including genetic protective factors, and subsequent service needs of a group of older adults who were disproportionately represented as disaster victims relative to the US population. Specifically, older adults resided in the areas most severely affected by the hurricanes at population density levels approximately twice that of the average US county. As such, a large and relatively easily accessible (in terms of random screening of households successfully resulting in identifying an older adult respondent) group of affected older adults is available. We will employ Random Digit Dialing Methodology to rapidly collect random samples of data in areas of Florida affected by hurricanes. Data will be collected in the form of 20 or 25 minute telephone interviews with 1500 adults in FL whose primary residence was in the state prior to Hurricane Charlie. The survey will include measurement of cognitive and memory status, Demographics, Hurricane Exposure Characteristics, Lifetime and Recent Exposure to Potentially Traumatic Events, Resource Loss, Coping Strategies, Acute Reactions & Panic, Emotional Disorder Phenotypes, and Services Utilization. In addition to interview data, saliva samples will collected from a subset of 1000 respondents for genetic analyses to permit gene x environment interaction analyses, based on prior research indicating protective and risk factors following traumatic events associated with particular genotypes. The overarching goal of this project is to document the acute impact of these repeated disasters on older adults while scientifically informing the development and improvement of services for older adults.