Understanding the consequences of population bottlenecks and long-term captivity on the phenotype and recovery potential of extinct-in-the-wild bird

标题：了解种群瓶颈和长期圈养对已灭绝野生鸟类的表型和恢复潜力的影响。执行摘要：当一小部分人分离出来形成“创业者群体”时，就会出现人口瓶颈。它们的发生可能是由于自然事件，如岛屿殖民，或者是在需要采取保护行动的严重人口下降之后，如迁徙到圈养、重新引入种群或协助殖民。由于其规模较小，创始人群体容易受到变异损失和遗传效应的影响，如强烈的遗传漂移和近亲繁殖。我的项目调查了瓶颈和长期圈养对三个高度受保护关注的灭绝野生物种的影响，这三个物种是关岛翠鸟、索科罗鸽子和越南野鸡，所有这些物种的创始种群都很小。我使用形态测量和繁殖成功数据来确定这些物种在最初的瓶颈事件期间和随后被圈养的时间内的表型变化。我的项目将有助于理解种群瓶颈和长期圈养对野生灭绝物种的表型后果，并旨在确定这些后果可能如何转化为对物种恢复潜力的影响。在拯救圈养物种和规划保护移位时，结果将为未来的保护战略提供参考。

Title: Understanding the consequences of population bottlenecks and long-term captivity on the phenotype and recovery potential of extinct-in-the-wild bird species. Executive summary: Population bottlenecks occur when a small number of individuals split off to form a 'founder population'. They can happen due to natural events such as island colonisation, or after severe population declines that require conservation action such as translocations into captivity, population reintroductions or assisted colonisations. Due to their small size, founder populations are susceptible to losses in variation and genetic effects such as strong genetic drift and inbreeding. My project investigates the consequences of bottlenecks and long-term captivity on three extinct-in-the-wild species of high conservation concern, the sihek (Guam kingfisher), Socorro dove and Vietnam pheasant, all of which had small founding populations. I use morphometric measurements and reproductive success data to determine phenotypic change in these species during initial bottleneck events and over subsequent time spent in captivity. My project will benefit understanding of the phenotypic consequences of population bottlenecks and long-term captivity on extinct-in-the-wild species and aims to determine how these consequences might translate into impacts on species recovery potential. Results will inform future conservation strategies when rescuing species into captivity and planning conservation translocations.