Understanding longitudinal relationships between COVID-19 pandemic outcomes and alcohol use and problems from 2019 to 2020 and 2021 for the U.S. population and vulnerable groups.

了解 2019 年至 2020 年和 2021 年美国人口和弱势群体的 COVID-19 大流行结果与饮酒和问题之间的纵向关系。

• 批准号: 10393406
• 负责人: Priscilla Martinez
• 金额: $ 36.05万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-22 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10393406
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Address; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker; Alcohols; American; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Beverages; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Digit structure; Distress; Drug usage; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Family; General Population; Health; Healthcare; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Interview; Job loss; Knowledge; Latino; Lifestyle-related condition; Link; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Methods; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Patterns of Care; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Population; Population Group; Positioning Attribute; Psyche structure; Race; Recontacts; Regulation; Reporting; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sales; Sampling; Series; Social Distance; Socioeconomic Status; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Symptoms; Time; Vulnerable Populations; alcohol and other drug; alcohol availability; alcohol consequences; alcohol measurement; alcohol research; alcohol risk; anxiety symptoms; base; care seeking; cohort; coronavirus disease; depressive symptoms; drinking; drinking behavior; drug use behavior; ethnic minority population; experience; follow-up; longitudinal design; pandemic disease; physical conditioning; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; recruit; response; sexual minority; social; substance use; vaccine acceptance

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 (C19) pandemic has upended American lives with far-reaching consequences for health and well-being, and has disproportionately impacted racial/ethnic minorities and other vulnerable communities. Studies from the early pandemic period have observed increases in alcohol use and heavy drinking, and these behaviors and their consequences on physical and mental health are expected to persist well after the pandemic subsides. Thus far, however, there is a dearth of nationally-representative, longitudinal data on the pandemic's effects on alcohol and drug use and mental health that build on baseline pre-pandemic data. The Alcohol Research Group and its P50 Alcohol Research Center have conducted a series of National Alcohol Surveys (NAS) for forty years. We conducted the 14th edition of the NAS (N14) beginning in 2019 and completed it on April 20, 2020, and in early 2021 we conducted a NAS COVID supplement survey (N14C) as a follow-up of N14 (baseline) respondents. With this rapid-response R01 application we are proposing to conduct a 3rd wave of data collection of N14 and N14C respondents (termed N14C2) to build a nationally-representative cohort with 3 survey time-points. With pre-C19 data from the first wave of data collection, N14, and two follow-up surveys covering the first (N14C) and second (N14C2) years following initial efforts to control C19 spread in the US, we will be able to rigorously assess the financial, social, and health impacts of the C19 pandemic on alcohol and other drug (AOD) use and problems. We will investigate the potential impact of increased alcohol use on the course of consequences of the pandemic, such as job loss, social contact and mental health outcomes. We also propose to examine alcohol use and C19-related precautionary behaviors such social distancing, and vaccination uptake. We will contextualize the analysis by including geocoded data linked to our survey data to allow us to examine these associations in relation to relevant C19-related state policies, available alcohol purchasing options, and other area conditions that may affect AOD use and problems. Finally, we propose to apply mixed methods to understand in depth alcohol use experiences during the pandemic and perceived need, barriers, facilitators and plans for seeking support among heavy drinkers in subgroups disproportionately affected by the pandemic, namely Blacks, Latinos, and sexual minorities. To accomplish this we plan to recruit a purposive subsample for semi-structured qualitative interviews following the N14C2 survey. Taken together, this project will identify and characterize those at an increased risk of developing AOD problems, poor mental health, and prolonged C19 impacts, and determine features of environments including regulations that increase or mitigate these risks, aiming to inform modifiable interventions and policies.

摘要 COVID-19（C19）大流行颠覆了美国人的生活，对健康和 对少数种族/族裔和其他弱势群体造成了不成比例的影响。 大流行早期的研究已经观察到饮酒和大量饮酒的增加， 预计在大流行之后，这些行为及其对身心健康的影响将持续很长时间 平息。然而，到目前为止，缺乏关于这一流行病的全国代表性纵向数据。 对酒精和药物使用以及心理健康的影响。酒精 研究小组及其P50酒精研究中心进行了一系列全国酒精调查 (NAS)四十年了我们于2019年开始进行第14版NAS（N14），并于2019年完成。 2020年4月20日和2021年初，我们进行了NAS COVID补充调查（N14 C），作为N14的后续调查 （基线）答卷人。通过此快速响应R 01应用程序，我们建议进行第3波数据 收集N14和N14 C受访者（称为N14 C2），以构建具有全国代表性的队列，包括3项调查 时间点。根据第一波数据收集（N14）的C19前数据和两次后续调查， 在控制C19在美国传播的最初努力之后的第一年（N14 C）和第二年（N14 C2），我们将 能够严格评估C19大流行对酒精和其他药物的财务，社会和健康影响 (AOD)使用和问题。我们将研究增加饮酒对糖尿病病程的潜在影响。 这一流行病的后果，如失业、社会接触和心理健康结果。我们亦建议 检查酒精使用和C19相关的预防行为，如社交距离和疫苗接种。 我们将通过将地理编码数据链接到我们的调查数据，使我们能够检查 这些协会与相关的C19相关的国家政策，可用的酒精购买选择，以及 其他可能影响AOD使用的地区情况和问题。最后，我们建议将混合方法应用于 深入了解大流行期间的酒精使用经历以及感知的需求、障碍、促进因素和 计划在受大流行病影响不成比例的酗酒者中寻求支持， 即黑人、拉丁裔和性少数群体。为了实现这一目标，我们计划招募一个有目的的子样本， N14 C2调查后的半结构化定性访谈。总的来说，该项目将确定和 描述那些发展AOD问题的风险增加，心理健康状况不佳和C19延长的人 影响，并确定环境的特征，包括增加或减轻这些风险的法规， 旨在为可修改的干预措施和政策提供信息。