The role of fungal networks in modulating plant symbioses with competing root symbionts

大多数植物与丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）形成互惠共生，形成复杂的地下网络，通过共享的真菌菌丝连接相邻植物，称为共同菌丝网络（CMN）。通过CMN，AMF为其植物伙伴提供否则无法获得的土壤养分，以换取整个网络中的光合作用固定碳。然而，植物很少单独与共生者联系。相反，AMF通常与寄生虫（如植物寄生线虫（PPN））一起占据根系，同时对植物生长和产量产生影响-这是自然和农业生态系统的相关考虑。竞争性根共生体对整个CMN的菌根碳营养交换的影响是未知的;植物是否可以调节资源的提供以“奖励”有益的合作伙伴和“制裁”寄生虫以及CMN在补充共生体的C供应中的作用的首要问题正在激烈辩论。

Most plants form mutualistic symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), forming complex, below-ground networks which connect neighbouring plants via shared fungal hyphae known as a common mycelial network (CMN). Through CMNs, AMF supply their plant partners with otherwise-inaccessible soil nutrients in return for photosynthetically-fixed carbon from across the network. However, plants rarely associate with mutualists alone. Instead, AMF often occupy root systems alongside parasites, such as plant parasitic nematodes (PPN), simultaneously with ramifications for plant growth and yield - pertinent considerations for natural and agroecosystems. The effect of competing root symbionts on mycorrhizal carbon-for-nutrient exchange across CMNs is unknown; the overarching question of whether or not plants can regulate provision of resources to "reward" beneficial partners and "sanction" parasites and the role of the CMN in supplementing C supply to symbionts being hotly debated.