DataWeaver: An Interface to Complex Clinical Data

描述(由申请人提供)： 儿科医生通常需要根据大量复杂且可能不可靠的数据做出快速决定。然而，事实证明，使用软件系统很难模拟、甚至很难支持这种决策过程。现有系统缺乏的一个重要功能是允许儿科医生快速有效地理解和利用复杂的、相互关联的和依赖时间的数据的用户界面。这项提议试图通过使用一种创新的、获得专利的图形用户界面方法“DataWeaver”来解决这一缺陷。DataWeaver显示的基础是一种称为“编织”的层次结构，它以一种易于理解的方式显示不同类型和数据片段的交集。DataWeaver方法旨在为儿科医生提供对患者整体状况的全面了解，同时支持快速访问潜在的详细信息，从而节省临床医生的时间并提高护理质量。尽管DataWeaver方法很有吸引力，但它既没有实现，也没有进行现场测试。一个原因是，将面向人的DataWeaver接口映射到底层数据库和其他组件直到最近还被认为是不可行的。然而，软件工程的最新进展使得构建这些映射目前是可行的。具体地说，通过使用模型驱动的体系结构(MDA)方法来指定各种组件，例如数据源、决策支持规则和通过抽象模型的图形组件。这反过来又允许自动生成系统的大部分代码，而不需要手动编写，从而极大地减少了编码时间并提高了代码的可靠性。由于儿科领域的广泛和复杂，以及约翰·霍普金斯大学儿科系的强烈兴趣，镰状细胞疾病内容被选为第一阶段测试。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pediatricians routinely need to make rapid decisions based on large amounts of complex and potentially unreliable data. However, this decision-making process has proved difficult to emulate, or even to support, using software systems. An important feature existing systems lack is a user interface allowing pediatricians to quickly and effectively understand and make use of complex interrelated and time dependent data. This proposal seeks to address this deficiency by using an innovative and patented graphical user interface methodology called "DataWeaver." The basis of the DataWeaver display is a hierarchical structure called a "weave" showing intersections of different types and pieces of data in a readily comprehensible way. The DataWeaver methodology is designed to provide the pediatrician with a complete view of the patient's overall status while supporting rapid access to the underlying detailed information, thus saving clinicians time and increasing the quality of care. Despite the attractiveness of the DataWeaver methodology, it has neither been implemented nor field tested. One reason is that mapping the human-oriented DataWeaver interface to the underlying database and to other components has until recently been deemed infeasible. However, recent advances in software engineering make constructing these mappings currently feasible. Specifically, by using model-driven architecture (MDA) methods to specify various components, such as data sources, decision support rules, and graphical components via an abstract model. This in turn allows much of the system's code to be automatically generated instead of needing to be hand-written, greatly reducing coding time and increasing code reliability. Because of the broad scope and complexity of the field of pediatrics, and because of strong interest from the Pediatrics Department at Johns Hopkins University, sickle cell disease content has been chosen for Phase I testing.