Modelling a remotely piloted drone's search effectiveness in mountain rescue to inform standard operating procedures

英格兰和威尔士山区救援组织报告称，2017年有9天没有山区救援呼吁，总共有97,208个志愿者小时。山区救援任务是时间紧迫的，山区救援队面临着后勤挑战，如恶劣的地形和天气，同时也冒着生命危险。配备消费类摄像头的无人机是搜救中的一项新兴技术。无人机作为山地救援的搜索资产，性价比越来越高，有望提高山地救援队的性能和安全性，但有效使用无人机进行山地救援的标准操作程序有限。随着包括无人机在内的技术越来越自主，在山地救援中，手动(遥控)无人机仍然是首选，用于山区地形中形成的障碍物进行实时失踪人员搜索所需的机动操作。本项目旨在根据遥控无人机在山地救援中的搜索效果的建模和模拟数据，为在山区救援中使用遥控无人机制定标准操作程序。具体目标是：1.从科学文献和其他资源中开发关于遥控无人机搜救效果的知识。根据失踪人员搜索程序和使用无人机执行任务的经验，采访山区救援人员。对无人驾驶飞机在山区救援任务中的搜索效能进行了建模和仿真。根据前一个目标的建模和模拟数据，制定在山区救援中使用遥控无人机的标准作业程序。进行一次遥控无人机模型在山区失踪人员的搜索，并验证前一个目标的标准操作程序。该项目将增加有限的科学文献，关于遥控无人机在山区救援中的搜索有效性，以及有限的使用无人机进行山区救援的标准操作程序。

Mountain Rescue England and Wales reported nine days in 2017 without a mountain rescue callout and 97,208 total volunteer hours. Mountain rescue missions are time-critical, and mountain rescue teams are faced with logistical challenges, such as harsh terrain and weather, whilst also putting their lives at risk.Consumer camera-equipped drones are an emerging technology in search and rescue. Drones are becoming increasingly more cost-effective as a search asset in mountain rescue, which are expected to improve the performance and safety of mountain rescue teams, but there are limited standard operating procedures for the effective use of drones in mountain rescue.As technologies are becoming more and more autonomous nowadays, including drones, manually operated (remotely piloted) drones in mountain rescue are still preferred for the manoeuvres required for the obstacles that pose in a mountainous terrain real-time missing person search.This project aims to produce standard operating procedures for the use of a remotely piloted drone in mountain rescue based on modelled and simulated data of a remotely piloted drone's search effectiveness in mountain rescue.The specific objectives are:1. Develop knowledge on a remotely piloted drone's search effectiveness in search and rescue from scientific literature and other resources.2. Interview mountain rescue practitioners based on procedures used in a missing person search and experiences in using drones on missions.3. Model and simulate a remotely piloted drone's search effectiveness in mountain rescue missions.4. Produce standard operating procedures for the use of a remotely piloted drone in mountain rescue based on modelled and simulated data from the previous objective.5. Conduct a remotely piloted drone mock-up search for a missing person in a mountainous terrain and verify the standard operating procedures from the previous objective.This project will add to the limited scientific literature on a remotely piloted drone's search effectiveness in mountain rescue and the limited standard operating procedures for the use of drones in mountain rescue.