Detection of Oxygen saturation (SpO2) in Newborns of varying skin colour.

全世界约有10%的婴儿在从产前(胎儿)到出生后(新生儿)的过渡过程中需要某种形式的稳定。在健康的婴儿中，血氧饱和度随着时间的推移逐渐增加，是确定新生儿稳定性的一个重要的新生儿工具。因此，监测SpO2可以加强对新生儿过渡的支持，促进早期干预。然而，在产房压力大的环境中，由于运动伪影和周围部位(如手腕、脚趾或手指)组织灌注率低，可能会推迟复苏工作，传统技术(如脉搏血氧测定仪)受到限制。此外，患者的肤色是一个潜在的因素，可能会对脉搏血氧仪的准确性产生负面影响。例如，在最近的新冠肺炎疫情中，脉搏血氧饱和度测量误差已成为临床医生测量皮肤色素沉着升高患者的SpO2的主要担忧。事实证明，与白人皮肤患者相比，在其他种族的患者中，从脉搏血氧仪获得的血氧饱和度测量结果可能高估了实际值。因此，开发更稳健的信号处理技术和先进的光学传感器来考虑运动伪影、血流和种族可能会改善新生儿和成年人及时提供医疗护理的情况

About 10% of infants worldwide require some form of stabilization during the process of transition from prenatal (foetal) to postnatal (newborn) life. In healthy infants, oxygen saturation gradually increases over time and is a significant neonatal instrument for determining newborn stabilisation. Hence, monitoring SpO2 could strengthen support transitioning of newborn babies and promote early interventions. However, in a stressful environment of a delivery room, conventional technologies such as pulse oximetry are restricted due to motion artifacts and poor tissue perfusion at the peripheral sites (such as wrist, toes, or fingers) that could potentially delay resuscitation efforts. Additionally, the colour of the patient's skin is a potential factor that may have a negative impact on the accuracy of pulse oximetry. For instance, through the recent COVID-19 pandemic, pulse oximetry measurement error has become a major concern for clinicians measuring SpO2 in individuals with elevated skin pigmentation. It turns out that compared to white skin patients, in patients with other ethnic groups, oxygen saturation measurements obtained from pulse oximeters may be an overestimate of the actual value.Therefore, developing more robust signal processing techniques and advance optical sensors that consider movement artifacts perfusion and ethnicity could improve the delivery of timely medical care from newborns and adults