White Sea meromictic lakes as rich archives of paleoenvironmental change

气候变化正日益威胁全球湖泊生态系统1。据预测，到公元2100年，由于气候变化，全球约16%的湖泊将看到其混合制度的减少，并成为永久分层(分生)。在北极和亚北极，气候变化使湖泊的热和水文状况发生了变化，直接影响到它们的生物多样性和生产力1，23。因此，必须了解这些湖泊将如何应对未来的气候变化，以及这将如何影响湖泊的整体生产力。因此，这项研究将考察白海地区现有的亚热带湖泊，并重建它们对过去气候变化的响应，以加深我们对未来气候变化下湖泊可能做出的反应的理解。目前白海的降冰期(永久分层)湖泊在全新世是如何演化的？2.是否有任何地层学证据表明，白海地区内的快速冰川消融是由于全新世中晚期气温的迅速上升？3.是否有任何地层学证据表明，海平面在整个全新世都发生了变化？

Climate change is ever increasingly threatening global lake ecosystems1. It is predicted that approximately 16% of lakes worldwide will see a reduction in their mixing regime and become permanently stratified (meromictic) as a result of climate change by 2100AD2. Within the Arctic and subarctic, climate change has seen a shift in the lakes' thermal and hydrological regimes, directly affecting their biodiversity and productivity 1,23. It is, therefore, imperative to understand how these lakes will respond to future climatic change and how this will affect overall lake productivity. This study will, therefore, examine existing meromictic lakes within the White Sea region and reconstruct their response to past climate change, in order to develop our understanding of how lakes may respond under future climate change.Research Questions1. How have the presently meromictic (permanently stratified) lakes of the White Sea evolved over the Holocene?2. Is there any stratigraphic evidence of rapid deglaciation within the White Sea region being attributed to a rapid rise in temperatures over the mid-late Holocene?3. Is there any stratigraphic evidence of sea level change recorded throughout the Holocene?