Cardiovascular Chemoreflex-Baroreflex Interaction

描述(由申请人提供)：我的研究计划的主要重点 就是了解自主神经系统是如何调节人类 心血管系统。这项赠款申请的总体目标是加强 了解外周和中枢化学反射如何改变动脉 人体压力感受器反射功能，侧重于肌肉交感神经活动 还有心率。化学反射和压力反射在控制心力衰竭中起主要作用。 心血管系统通过它们对自主神经的深刻影响 外流。然而，这些强大的反射系统之间的相互作用并不是 在人类身上完全被理解。在这方面，这方面的具体目标是 赠款申请旨在解决以下问题：1)是否 等颅性高呼吸改变人类动脉压力感受器反射功能？ 等量低氧改变人的动脉压力感受器反射功能吗？ 选择性外周化学感受器刺激剂阿米替林模拟血管紧张素转换酶的作用 低氧对人动脉压力感受器反射功能的影响？3)高氧性低碳酸血症 改变人类的动脉压力感受器反射功能？在整个应用程序中，我们 利用最先进的方法，提出高度受控的研究 有意识的人类志愿者，在这里探索动物研究提出的问题 区域。这些研究将促进我们对基础心血管疾病的理解 人类的调节及其如何因化学反射的变化而改变 刺激。此外，这些研究将提供基本的 了解这一点对于解释相关的病理生理是必要的，例如 如心力衰竭、慢性阻塞性肺病和睡眠呼吸暂停。通过实现这些目标，我们将 将现在只能在动物身上获得的洞察力扩展到知之甚少的 人类心血管调节的区域。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary focus of my research program is to understand how the autonomic nervous system regulates the human cardiovascular system. The overall goal of this grant application is to enhance understanding of how the peripheral and central chemoreflexes modify arterial baroreflex function in humans, focusing on muscle sympathetic nerve activity and heart rate. Chemoreflexes and baroreflexes play a major role in control of the cardiovascular system via the profound influences they exert on autonomic outflow. However, the interaction of these powerful reflex systems is not completely understood in humans. In this Context, the specific aims for this grant application are designed to address the following questions: 1) Does isocapnic hyperpnea alter arterial baroreflex function in humans? 2a) Does isocapnic hypoxia alter arterial baroreflex function in humans? 2b) Does the selective peripheral chemoreceptor stimulant almitrine mimic the effects of hypoxia on arterial baroreflex function in humans? 3) Does hyperoxic hypocapnia alter arterial baroreflex function in humans? Throughout this application, we exploit state-of-the-art methods and propose highly controlled studies in conscious human volunteers, probing questions raised by animal studies in this area. These studies will advance our understanding of basic cardiovascular regulation in humans and how it is modified by changes in chemoreflex stimulation. Further, these studies will provide a foundation of basic understanding that will be necessary to explain related pathophysiologies such as heart failure, COPD, and sleep apnea. By addressing these aims, we will extend insights that are now only available in animals to a poorly understood area of cardiovascular regulation in humans.