Using CAD As A Surrogate Reader In Observer Studies

描述(由申请人提供)： 许多医学成像研究的目标是提高放射科医生的诊断水平。这意味着开发的新技术和新的成像系统必须证明它们可以提高放射科医生提供准确诊断的能力。观察者研究是有用的，因为它为一种技术的临床有效性提供了证据。然而，观察者研究很难进行，因为它们很耗时，而且进行起来很昂贵。 我们提出了一种新的方法，使用计算机辅助诊断(CAD)方案来取代人类观察者。也就是说，我们相信我们可以修改CAD方案，以便至少在某些任务中，它们可以像人类观察者一样执行。通过这种方式，观察者研究可以使用计算机而不是一组放射科医生进行，从而节省时间、金钱和精力。 该项目的目标是使用不同的培训条件来创建一套用于在乳房X光照片上表征乳房钙化的CAD方案。然后选择其中的一个子集来创建一组具有与一组放射科医生相似的性能的CAD观察者。具体目标是： 1.建立数据库，进行观察者研究； 2.开发CAD-观察者超集； 3.选择一组计算机辅助设计观察员以匹配放射科医生；以及 4.验证CAD-观察者。 如果我们成功了，医学成像领域的许多新发展可以更准确、更容易、更快速地进行测试，从而节省数月和数美元的开发时间和成本。这应该会减少新技术或新技术获得临床接受所需的成本和时间。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of much research in medical imaging is to improve the diagnosis made by a radiologist. This means that new techniques and new imaging systems that are developed must prove that they can improve radiologists' ability to render an accurate diagnosis. Observer studies are useful because provide evidence as to the clinical effectiveness of a technique. However, observer studies are difficult to perform, because they are time consuming, and they are expensive to conduct. We are proposing a novel approach of using a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme to replace the human observer. That is, we believe that we can modify CAD schemes so that, at least for some tasks, they can perform like human observers. In this way, observer studies can be performed using a computer instead of a group of radiologists, saving time, money, and effort. The goal of this project is to use different training conditions to create a set of CAD schemes for the characterization of breast calcifications on mammograms. Then to select a subset of these to create a set of CAD-observers that has similar performance to a group of radiologists. The specific aims are: 1. Assemble database and perform observer study; 2. Develop superset of CAD-observers; 3. Select a set of CAD-observers to match radiologists; and 4. Validate CAD-observers. If we are successful, many new developments in medical imaging can be tested more accurately, easily, and quickly saving many months and many dollars in development time and costs. This should reduce the cost and the time it takes new technologies or techniques to gain clinical acceptance.