Meta-omics to uncover rumen helminth-microbiome interactions

蠕虫寄生虫造成了>55%的牲畜疾病，这对全球粮食安全和食源性疾病构成了重大威胁，由于疫苗失败，通过驱虫药物进行控制。改进控制方案的一个主要障碍是缺乏对宿主-寄生虫相互作用的全面了解。蠕虫感染、宿主及其微生物组之间的联系仅处于基本的理解水平。最近的初步工作（RM）表明，寄生虫介导的反刍动物肠道微生物群的变化有很大的贡献，在体外瘤胃模型中的瘤胃吸虫，Calciumhoron daubneyi调查。额外的初步证据（RM/SH）表明，瘤胃吸虫细胞外囊泡（EV）在塑造宿主瘤胃微生物群落的直接作用。因此，了解寄生蠕虫对瘤胃功能的影响是防止动物生产力和瘤胃功能损失的必要条件，联合元组学方法将揭示宿主瘤胃微生物组与瘤胃吸虫和/或分泌型EV之间的相互作用，同时了解寄生虫或寄生虫衍生EV暴露后的瘤胃功能。

Helminth parasites are responsible for >55% of livestock diseases representing a major threat to global food security and food borne disease, with control being through anthelmintic drugs due to vaccine failure. A major obstacle to improving control options is a lack of a holistic understanding of host-parasite interactions. Links between helminth infection, the host and its microbiome are only at a basic level of understanding. Recent preliminary work (RM) has suggested that there is a substantial contribution of parasite-mediated changes in the ruminant gut microbiota following investigation into the rumen fluke, Calicophoron daubneyi, within an in vitro rumen model. Additional preliminary evidence (RM/SH) suggests a direct role of rumen fluke extracellular vesicles (EVs) in shaping the microbial communities of the host rumen. Therefore, understanding the impact of parasitic helminths on rumen functionality is a must to prevent losses to animal productivity and rumen functionality.A combined meta-omics approach will reveal the interaction between the host rumen microbiome and the rumen fluke and/or secreted EVs whilst generating an understanding of rumen functionality following exposure to the parasite or parasite derived EVs.