Mammography and High-Risk Survivors of Pediatric Cancer

描述（由申请人提供） 接受胸部放射治疗的儿童恶性肿瘤女性幸存者在年轻时患乳腺癌的风险显着增加。目前对这一高危人群的建议是在25岁或完成放射治疗后8年开始筛查乳房X线摄影。 大多数因儿科癌症接受放射治疗的妇女没有参加与年龄相适应的定期筛查乳房X光检查计划。癌症经历如何影响这一高危人群的健康信念和实践，特别是当它们与乳腺癌筛查实践有关时，尚不清楚。在这一独特人群中，描述对风险的认知和知识、健康信念以及乳房X光检查的障碍和促进因素至关重要。 这项为期两年的探索性R-21的目的是：（1）确定25-49岁接受胸部放射治疗的女性幸存者中筛查性乳腺X线摄影的患病率和频率（CHEST RT）;（2）确定CHEST RT组中筛查乳腺X线摄影的预测因子/相关因子;相关研究将包括社会人口统计学，幸存者相关的健康信念，知识和风险感知，健康控制点，和心理困扰的措施;（3a）对于年龄25-39岁的患者，确定CHEST RT组中乳腺癌的知识和风险感知是否与处于标准风险的年龄匹配的幸存者不同（无胸部RT）和幸存者的兄弟姐妹（SIBLINGS）;和（3b）对于40-49岁的人，以确定胸部RT组的筛查实践和相关性是否与年龄匹配的无胸部RT和同胞组不同。这项研究将通过儿童癌症幸存者研究（CCSS）进行，这是一项由NCI支持的队列研究，随访了14，000名儿童癌症长期幸存者和3，500名兄弟姐妹。 将问卷邮寄给随机抽样的2100名女性（700名女性/组），年龄25-49岁，来自以下三个组：胸部RT、同胞和无胸部RT。将对被动无应答者进行电话采访。这项探索性研究的结果将为制定旨在提高这一脆弱和高危人群乳腺癌筛查率的有针对性的干预措施提供至关重要的理论基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Female survivors who were treated with chest radiation for a pediatric malignancy face a significantly increased risk of breast cancer at a young age. Current recommendations in this high-risk population are to initiate screening mammography at age 25 or eight years after completion of radiation therapy. Most women who were exposed to radiation therapy for a pediatric cancer are not engaged in an age appropriate program of regular screening mammography. How the cancer experience influences the health beliefs and practices of this high-risk group, especially as they relate to breast cancer screening practices, is not known. It is critically important to characterize the perception and knowledge of risk, health beliefs, and the barriers to and facilitators of mammography in this unique population. The aims of this two-year exploratory R-21 are: (1) to determine the prevalence and frequency of screening mammography in female survivors, 25-49 years of age, who were treated with chest radiation (CHEST RT); (2) to identify predictors/correlates of screening mammography in the CHEST RT group; correlates to be studied will include sociodemographics, survivor-related health beliefs, knowledge and risk perception, health locus of control, and measures of psychological distress; (3a) for ages 25-39 years, to determine if knowledge and risk perception of breast cancer in the CHEST RT group are different from age matched survivors at standard risk (NO CHEST RT) and siblings of survivors (SIBLINGS); and (3b) for ages 40-49 years, to determine if screening practices and correlates in the CHEST RT group are different from age-matched NO CHEST RT and SIBLINGS groups. This study will be conducted through the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), an NCI-supported cohort study following 14,000 long-term survivors of childhood cancer and 3,500 siblings. A questionnaire will be mailed to a random sample of 2100 females (700 females/group), 25-49 years of age, from the following three groups: CHEST RT, SIBLINGS, and NO CHEST RT. Telephone interviews will be conducted with passive non-responders. Findings from this exploratory study will provide the critically important theoretical foundation needed to develop a targeted intervention intended to increase the breast cancer screening rate of this vulnerable and high-risk population.