Reliability of Cognitive ERPs in Children and Adults

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究项目的长期目标是为成年早期大脑的持续发育提供越来越多的证据。脑电图（EEC）测量和神经心理学评估被用来研究儿童和青少年特定大脑区域的成熟与认知和情感过程发展的相互关系。从本研究中获得的结果将应用于一个模型的开发，该模型将阐明代表个体刺激-反应机制、特质和状态特征的变量之间的相互关系，以及在使用纵向设计对典型发育儿童进行定期评估时观察到的各种ERP测量结果的相关变化。本研究的目的是：1)确定ERP的可靠性是否存在发展趋势；2)阐明执行职能（特别是注意力）与ERP组成部分和ERP可靠性之间的关系。研究设计需要从3个年龄组（8岁、12岁和青年）中各获得30名参与者的多通道EEC记录，同时执行3种ERP范式：新颖性听觉怪异（听觉歧视任务）、偶然负性变异（持续注意任务）和错误相关的负性（简单视觉歧视任务中的错误监测）。每个参与者将在每1-2周的两次访问中完成这些EEG/ERP任务。然后将确定这些ERP范例的主要组成部分的分半和重测信度系数。然后将使用标准化残差而不是原始ERP测量方法重新计算拆分和重测。这些新的可靠性系数预计将高于那些没有考虑到波形处理方差的系数。评估注意测量与ERP信度及ERP成分（即CNV、P3a、P3b和ERN）的关系。与健康相关的影响包括理解儿童和青少年时期大脑中与注意力相关的变化。此外，结果有可能提供关于认知ERP和ERP可靠性的个体差异的丰富信息。这些信息将是有帮助的，特别是当临床人群（例如，注意缺陷障碍和学习障碍）被纳入发展性ERP研究时。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goals of this program of research are to contribute to the increasing amount of evidence for continued development of the brain into early adulthood. Electroencephalographic (EEC) measures and neuropsychological assessments are being employed to investigate the interrelationships of maturation of specific brain regions and the development of cognitive and emotional processes in children and adolescents. The results obtained from this study will be applied to the development of a model that will elucidate interrelationships of variables representing stimulus-response mechanisms, trait, and state characteristics of an individual and their associated changes in various ERP measurements observed during periodic assessments in typically developing children using a longitudinal design. The goals of the proposed research are to: 1) Determine if developmental trends exist in the reliability of ERPs, and 2) Clarify the relationship of executive functions, specifically attention, to ERPs components and ERP reliability. The research design entails obtaining multiple channel EEC recordings from 30 participants in each of 3 age groups (8-yr olds, 12-yr olds and young adults) while performing 3 ERP paradigms: the novelty auditory oddball (an auditory discrimination task), contingent negative variation (a sustained attention task), and the error-related negativity (error-monitoring in simple visual discrimination task). Each participant will complete these EEG/ERP tasks in each of 2 visits separated by a 1-2 week period. Split-half and test-retest reliability coefficients will then be determined for the principle components of these ERP paradigms. Split-half and test-retest will then be recomputed using the standardized residuals instead of the original ERP measures. These new reliability coefficients are expected to be higher than those not accounting for variance due to waveform processing. Relationships of attentional measures and ERP reliability and the ERP components (i.e, CNV, P3a, P3b and ERN) will be evaluated. Health related impacts include understanding changes in the brain in relation to attention in childhood and adolescence. In addition, results have the potential of providing a wealth of information regarding individual differences in cognitive ERPs and ERP reliability. This information will be helpful, especially when clinical populations (e.g., attention deficit disorders and learning disabilities) are included in developmental ERP studies.